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Measles Virus and the Central Nervous System: An Update.
Semin Pediatr Neurol
October 2023
Atrium Health Levine Children's Hospital, Charlotte, NC. Electronic address:
Sequelae Renee Buchanan, Daniel J. Bonthius Seminars in Pediatric Neurology Volume 19, Issue 3, September 2012, Pages 107-114 Worldwide, measles remains one of the most deadly vaccine-preventable diseases. In the United States, enrollment in the public schools requires that each child receives 2 doses of measles-containing vaccine before entry, essentially eliminating this once endemic disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPost-Infectious Autoimmunity in the Central (CNS) and Peripheral (PNS) Nervous Systems: An African Perspective.
Front Immunol
April 2022
Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
The direct impact and sequelae of infections in children and adults result in significant morbidity and mortality especially when they involve the central (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS). The historical understanding of the pathophysiology has been mostly focused on the direct impact of the various pathogens through neural tissue invasion. However, with the better understanding of neuroimmunology, there is a rapidly growing realization of the contribution of the innate and adaptive host immune responses in the pathogenesis of many CNS and PNS diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasles virus persistence and its consequences.
Curr Opin Virol
April 2020
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address:
Clearance of measles virus is complex. Infectious virus is cleared by the adaptive immune response manifested by the characteristic maculopapular rash. CD8 T cells are major effectors of infectious virus clearance, a process that may fail in individuals with compromised cellular immune responses leading to progressive giant cell pneumonia and/or measles inclusion body encephalitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrimary Measles Encephalitis.
J Educ Teach Emerg Med
April 2020
The Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus OH.
Audience: This scenario was developed to educate emergency medicine residents on the diagnosis and management of primary measles encephalitis.
Introduction: Measles is a highly infectious ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus whose prevalence in the United States has continued to increase despite being declared eliminated in 2000,1 and larger outbreaks have been noted among those who elect not to vaccinate.2 The recommended live-attenuated measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine schedule for pediatrics includes one routine dose at 12-15 months of age and a second dose between 4-6 years of age with at least 28 days in between dose administration.
Severe Measles Infection: The Spectrum of Disease in 36 Critically Ill Adult Patients.
Medicine (Baltimore)
September 2013
From AP-HP, Service de Réanimation Médico-Chirurgicale, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes (CR, JDR, JM, DD, SG); Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Lapeyronie University Hospital, Montpellier (KK, SM); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U722, Paris (JDR, JM, DD, SG); Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 722, Paris (JDR, JM, DD, SG); AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation, Hôpital Tenon, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris (JM); Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, URMITE UMR CNRS 7278, Marseille, and APHM, Hôpital Nord, Réanimation des Détresses Respiratoires et des Infections Sévères, Marseille (AR); AP-HP, Service de Réanimation Médicale et des Maladies Infectieuses, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris (RS); Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Saint-André, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux (OG); Service d'Anesthésie et Réanimation, Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux (WP); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon (CG); AP-HP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre (JLT); CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Unité de Réanimation Médicale, Pôle REUNNIRH, Hôpital G Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand (NM); Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, and Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne (MD); Medico-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Avicenne Teaching Hospital, Bobigny (FC); AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris (MS); and Medical Intensive Care Unit, Tours University Hospital, Tours (EM); France.
France has recently witnessed a nationwide outbreak of measles. Data on severe forms of measles in adults are lacking. We sought to describe the epidemiologic, clinical, treatment, and prognostic aspects of the disease in adult patients who required admission to an intensive care unit (ICU).
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