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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in dogs is a metabolic disorder of the central nervous system that occurs secondarily to liver dysfunctions, whether due to acquired or congenital causes. A portosystemic shunt is the presence of abnormal communications between the hepatic vessels (portal and suprahepatic veins). As a result of this, the blood brought from the digestive tract through the portal vein bypasses the liver, and the unmetabolized components of the portal bloodstream enter directly into systemic circulation, causing clinical symptoms of metabolic encephalopathy (HE).

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Patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (ADMCI) typically show abnormally high delta (<4 Hz) and low alpha (8-12 Hz) rhythms measured from resting-state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) activity. Here, we hypothesized that the abnormalities in rsEEG activity may be greater in ADMCI patients than in those with MCI not due to AD (noADMCI). Furthermore, they may be associated with the diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-tau biomarkers in ADMCI patients.

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Contralateral Neurovascular Coupling in Patients with Ischemic Stroke After Endovascular Thrombectomy.

Neurocrit Care

January 2025

Center for Data Science, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Background: Neurovascular coupling (NVC) refers to the process of aligning cerebral blood flow with neuronal metabolic demand. This study explores the potential of contralateral NVC-linking neural electrical activity on the stroke side with cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) on the contralesional side-as a marker of physiological function of the brain. Our aim was to examine the association between contralateral NVC and neurological outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke following endovascular thrombectomy.

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Neurobiology of COVID-19-Associated Psychosis/Schizophrenia: Implication of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling.

Neuropsychopharmacol Rep

March 2025

Molecular Psychoneuroimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.

COVID-19 exhibits not only respiratory symptoms but also neurological/psychiatric symptoms rarely including delirium/psychosis. Pathological studies on COVID-19 provide evidence that the cytokine storm, in particular (epidermal growth factor) EGF receptor (EGFR, ErbB1, Her1) activation, plays a central role in the progression of viral replication and lung fibrosis. Of note, SARS-CoV-2 virus (specifically, S1 spike domain) mimics EGF and directly transactivates EGFR, preceding the inflammatory process.

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This study aims to investigate the association between the natural level of blood biomarkers and electroencephalographic (EEG) markers. Resting EEG theta, alpha (ABP), beta, and gamma frequency band powers were selected as linear EEG markers indicating the level of EEG power, and Higuchi's fractal dimension (HFD) as a nonlinear EEG complexity marker reflecting brain temporal dynamics. The impact of seven different blood biomarkers, i.

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