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Respiratory Isolation for Tuberculosis: A Historical Perspective.
J Infect Dis
October 2024
Department of the History of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Although tuberculosis is an ancient disease, recognition of its airborne route of transmission, with implications for respiratory isolation, is only relatively recent. Since the time of Hippocrates, the dogma among health practitioners was that the disease was hereditary or that it could be contracted by inhaling "miasma", or corrupted air. Consequently, isolation of patients was not routine practice, and, in fact, patients with scrofula (morbus regius, or "king's evil) sought to be cured by the "royal touch" throughout the middle ages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnding TB in South-East Asia: flagship priority and response transformation.
Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia
November 2023
Global Health, University of Milan, Italy.
Over the decades, the global tuberculosis (TB) response has evolved from sanatoria-based treatment to DOTS (Directly Observed Therapy Shortcourse) strategy and the more recent End TB Strategy. The WHO South-East Asia Region, which accounted for 45% of new TB patients and 50% of deaths globally in 2021, is pivotal to the global fight against TB. "Accelerate Efforts to End TB" by 2030 was adopted as a South-East Asia Regional Flagship Priority (RFP) in 2017.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper examines WHO's involvement in South Korea within the context of the changing organization of public health infrastructure in Korea during the years spanning from the end of the Japanese occupation, through the periods of American military occupation and the Korean War, and to the early years of the Park Chung Hee regime in the early 1960s, in order to demonstrate how tuberculosis came to be addressed as a public health problem. WHO launched several survey missions and relief efforts before and during the Korean War and subsequently became deeply involved in shaping government policy for public health through a number of technical assistance programs, including a program for tuberculosis control in the early 1960s. This paper argues that the principal concern for WHO was to start rebuilding the public health infrastructure beyond simply abolishing the remnants of colonial practices or showcasing the superiority of American practices vis-à-vis those practiced under a Communist rule.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe history of tuberculosis: the social role of sanatoria for the treatment of tuberculosis in Italy between the end of the 19 century and the middle of the 20.
J Prev Med Hyg
December 2018
Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy.
Since ancient times, the most frequently prescribed remedy for the treatment of tuberculosis was a stay in a temperate climate. From the middle of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th, Europe saw the development of sanatoria, where patients were able to benefit from outdoor walks, physical exercise and a balanced diet. Moreover, the institutionalisation and isolation of patients deemed to be contagious remains one of the most efficacious measures for the control of this type of infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA short history of phototherapy, vitamin D and skin disease.
Photochem Photobiol Sci
March 2017
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
The earliest record between sun exposure and skin disease goes back five millennia to the ancient Egyptians. The modern scientific era of medical light therapy and skin diseases started in 1877 when Downs and Blunt reported that exposure to light inhibited fungal growth in test tubes. Continuing research generated a growing medical interest in the potential the effects of light to treat and cure skin diseases considered as parasitic.
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