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Non-Genetic Biomarkers in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Prognostic Implications and Predictive Utility for Response to Anti-PD-(L)1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.
Exp Dermatol
January 2025
Department of Medicine and Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a skin cancer that arises due to either Merkel cell polyomavirus infection (MCPyV) or ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, presenting primarily in the head and neck region of fair-skinned males. The recent success of PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in locally advanced/metastatic MCC, with an objective response rate (ORR) around 50% and improved survival, as a first-line treatment has moved ICIs to the forefront of therapy for MCC and generated interest in identifying biomarkers to predict clinical response. The MCC tumour microenvironment (TME) contains various components of the adaptive and innate immune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeteronemin suppresses EGF‑induced proliferation through the PI3K/PD‑L1 signaling pathways in cholangiocarcinoma.
Oncol Rep
March 2025
Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) binds with its surface receptor to stimulate gene expression and cancer cell proliferation. EGF stimulates cancer cell growth via phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‑L1) pathways. As an integrin αvβ3 antagonist, heteronemin exhibits potent cytotoxic effects against cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiophysical mapping of TREM2-ligand interactions reveals shared surfaces for engagement of multiple Alzheimer's disease ligands.
Mol Neurodegener
January 2025
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
TREM2 is a signaling receptor expressed on microglia that has emerged as an important drug target for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. While a number of TREM2 ligands have been identified, little is known regarding the structural details of how they engage. To better understand this, we created a protein library of 28 different TREM2 variants that could be used to map interactions with various ligands using biolayer interferometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe therapeutic potential of circular RNAs.
Nat Rev Genet
January 2025
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Over the past decade, research into circular RNA (circRNA) has increased rapidly, and over the past few years, circRNA has emerged as a promising therapeutic platform. The regulatory functions of circRNAs, including their roles in templating protein translation and regulating protein and RNA functions, as well as their unique characteristics, such as increased stability and a favourable immunological profile compared with mRNAs, make them attractive candidates for RNA-based therapies. Here, we describe the properties of circRNAs, their therapeutic potential and technologies for their synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutralization of omicron subvariants and antigenic cartography following multiple COVID 19 vaccinations and repeated omicron non JN.1 or JN.1 infections.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
The ongoing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, combined with antigen exposures from different waves and vaccinations, poses challenges in updating COVID-19 vaccine antigens. We collected 206 sera from individuals with vaccination-only, hybrid immunity, and single or repeated omicron post-vaccination infections (PVIs), including non-JN.1 and JN.
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