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Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
January 2025
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Microbiology and Immuology, Galveston, Texas, United States.
Exposure to influenza A virus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is well-known to increase the risk of pneumonia in humans. Type I interferon (IFN-I) is a hallmark response to acute viral infections, and alveolar macrophages (AMs) constitute the first line of airway defense against opportunistic bacteria. Our study reveals that virus-induced IFN-I receptor (IFNAR1) signaling directly impairs AM-dependent antibacterial protection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Prim Care Respir Med
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has brought major challenges to the global health system, and influenza is also a problem that cannot be ignored. We aimed to explore and compare the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 and influenza to deepen the understanding of these two diseases and provide some guidance for clinicians to make differential diagnoses. We searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for articles and performed a meta-analysis using Stata 14.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Interventions aimed at preventing and treating maternal infections during the gestational period are of paramount importance. Timely immunizations, screening strategies and management of maternal infections reduce the risk of complications for the developing fetus and play a pivotal role in improving neonatal outcomes.
Summary: We summarize evidence for a total of thirteen interventions, pertaining to the prevention and treatment of maternal infections during the antenatal period, from Every Newborn Series published in The Lancet 2014.
Innovation (Camb)
January 2025
School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China.
In conclusion, the distinct evolution patterns of panzootic influenza A(H5Nx) compared to A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) complicate vaccine development. Effective strategies must consider these unique patterns and the impact of pre-existing immunity. Leveraging AI-based methods for optimized antigen design is essential to mitigate the potential impact of emerging antigenically variable strains and will provide valuable insights for developing more effective vaccines to prepare for future pandemics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Guangxi, China.
Background: Leptospirosis is an acute infectious disease that occurs by infection, progresses rapidly, and has a high mortality rate, with an estimated 1.2 million new cases and nearly 59,000 deaths each year. Due to its diverse clinical manifestations, diagnosis is often delayed.
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