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A Y-shaped sphenoidal sinus septum: a case report.
Anat Cell Biol
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
The sphenoidal sinus septum is one of the most important landmarks during endonasal endoscopic transsphe-noidal operations. During routine coronal sectioning of the face, we found a variant Y-shaped septum in the sphenoidal sinus of a female cadaver. This unusual septum was found between two sections (anterior and posterior sections) and located inferior to the pituitary gland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly precursor-derived pituitary gland tissue-resident macrophages play a pivotal role in modulating hormonal balance.
Cell Rep
January 2025
Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland. Electronic address:
The pituitary gland is the central endocrine regulatory organ producing and releasing hormones that coordinate major body functions. The physical location of the pituitary gland at the base of the brain, though outside the protective blood-brain barrier, leads to an unexplored special immune environment. Using single-cell transcriptomics, fate mapping, and imaging, we characterize pituitary-resident macrophages (pitMØs), revealing their heterogeneity and spatial specialization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCD9/SOX2-positive cells in the intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary gland exhibit mesenchymal stem cell characteristics.
Cell Tissue Res
January 2025
Laboratory of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan.
Adult tissue stem cells of the anterior pituitary gland, CD9/SOX2-positive cells, are believed to exist in the marginal cell layer (MCL) bordering the residual lumen of the Rathke's pouch. These cells migrate from the intermediate lobe side of the MCL (IL-MCL) to the anterior lobe side of the MCL and may be involved in supplying hormone-producing cells. Previous studies reported that some SOX2-positive cells of the anterior lobe differentiate into skeletal muscle cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsights into pituitary stalk interruption syndrome: 2 cases that illuminate the condition.
Radiol Case Rep
March 2025
Pediatric Radiology Department, Children's Hospital, University Mohammed V of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a congenital anatomical defect that leads to pituitary insufficiency, The symptoms are diverse, often leading to diagnostic delays or even misdiagnosis. MRI plays a crucial role in establishing an accurate diagnosis by revealing a characteristic radiological triad: a thin or absent pituitary stalk, an ectopic or missing posterior pituitary gland, and anterior pituitary hypoplasia. We herein describe 2 cases: 1 involving a 9-year-old boy and the other an 11-year-old girl, both diagnosed with PSIS.
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