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Amino acid stable carbon isotopes in nail keratin illuminate breastfeeding and weaning practices of mother - infant dyads.
Amino Acids
January 2025
Earth Sciences, Western University, London, Canada.
Compound-specific stable carbon isotope analysis of amino acids (CSIA-AA) is widely used in ecological studies to analyze food-webs and is gaining use in archaeology for investigating past diets. However, its use in reconstructing breastfeeding and weaning practices is not fully understood. This study evaluates the efficacy of stable carbon isotope analysis of amino acids in early life diet reconstruction by analyzing keratin from fingernail samples of three mother-infant pairs during late gestation and early postpartum periods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe primiparous IgA and IL-5 colostrum concentration based on maternal factor: corroborate the inflammation pathways to IgA colostrum synthesis.
AJOG Glob Rep
February 2025
Center for Biomedical Research, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) (Nurwidyaningtyas), Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Background: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays a crucial role in the maturation the neonatal mucosal barrier. The accumulation of IgA antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in the lactating mammary gland facilitates the secretion of IgA antibodies into milk, which are then passively to the suckling newborn, providing transient immune protection against gastrointestinal pathogens. Physiologically, full-term infants are unable to produce IgA, required for mucosal barrier maturation for at least 10 days after birth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrepartum skeletal muscle reserves and branched-chain volatile fatty acid supplementation have minimal effects in response to intravenous glucose tolerance tests in periparturient dairy cattle.
JDS Commun
January 2025
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
Periparturient dairy cows experience metabolic adaptations to prepare for increased nutrient requirements of the fetus and the onset of lactation. Adaptations include increased peripheral tissue insulin resistance, which can be evaluated experimentally using intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT). The objective of this study was to determine if prepartum skeletal muscle reserves and supplementation of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) in the prepartum period affected blood glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and insulin concentrations 2 wk prepartum and 1 wk postpartum utilizing an IVGTT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDairy cow performance and nutrient utilization when offered high or low digestibility grass silages at 2 levels of total diet crude protein.
JDS Commun
January 2025
Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Sustainable Agri-Food Sciences Division, Large Park, Hillsborough, County Down BT26 6DR, Northern Ireland.
The hypothesis of this study was that grass silage digestibility would influence the response of dairy cows offered diets differing in CP content. Thirty-two mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were used in a 2-period (21-d adaption phase, 7-d measurement phase), partially balanced change-over experiment. Four treatments were organized in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, comprising 2 grass silages differing in digestible OM in the DM (D-value; 748 and 668 g/kg DM, high-D and low-D, respectively) and 2 total diet CP levels (target 145 and 175 g/kg DM, high CP and low CP, respectively).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamics of automated body condition scores in grazing Holstein cows in a year-round calving system.
JDS Commun
January 2025
Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.
This observational study aimed to characterize the seasonal dynamics of automated BCS throughout the lactation of Holstein cows in a pasture-based system with year-round calvings. Examining the association between nadir BCS (nBCS; defined as the lowest daily BCS after calving) and peak milk yield within each calving period (calendar seasons equally divided in early and late) was a secondary objective of this research. Retrospective data included 2,164 lactations in 539 primiparous (PRI) and 1,625 multiparous (MLT) Holstein cows that calved from July 2021 to June 2023 in a commercial dairy farm located in Southern Chile.
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