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Glaucoma detection and staging from visual field images using machine learning techniques.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Purpose: In this study, we investigated the performance of deep learning (DL) models to differentiate between normal and glaucomatous visual fields (VFs) and classify glaucoma from early to the advanced stage to observe if the DL model can stage glaucoma as Mills criteria using only the pattern deviation (PD) plots. The DL model results were compared with a machine learning (ML) classifier trained on conventional VF parameters.
Methods: A total of 265 PD plots and 265 numerical datasets of Humphrey 24-2 VF images were collected from 119 normal and 146 glaucomatous eyes to train the DL models to classify the images into four groups: normal, early glaucoma, moderate glaucoma, and advanced glaucoma.
Efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block in postoperative pain management of laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: a propensity score-matched analysis.
Ann Surg Treat Res
January 2025
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Institute for Medical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
Purpose: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a promising technique for postoperative pain control. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the TAP block in managing postoperative pain after laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair.
Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of patients who had received ultrasonography-guided TAP blocks after surgery from January 2019 to August 2023 were reviewed and compared with those of patients who had not received.
Diabetes-related cognitive impairment: Mechanisms, symptoms, and treatments.
Open Med (Wars)
January 2025
Endocrine Department, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, No. 212 Daguan Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China.
Background: Diabetes-related cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a significant complication, profoundly impacting patients' quality of life. This review aims to examine the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, risk factors, assessment and diagnosis, management strategies, and future research directions of cognitive impairment in diabetes.
Methodology: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, and other medical databases to identify, review, and evaluate published articles on cognitive impairment in diabetes.
Insecticides may facilitate the escape of weeds from biological control.
PeerJ
January 2025
Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America.
Background: Preventative pesticide seed treatments (hereafter preventative pest management or PPM) are common corn and soybean treatments, and often include both fungicides and neonicotinoid insecticides. While PPM is intended to protect crops from soil-borne pathogens and early season insect pests, these seed treatments may have detrimental effects on biological control of weed seeds by insects.
Methods: Here, in two 3-year corn-soy rotations in Pennsylvania USA, we investigated a PPM approach to insect management compared to an integrated pest management approach (IPM) and a "no (insect) pest management" (NPM) control.
Conceptual framework to provide culturally congruent care to epilepsy patients in selected rural communities in South Africa.
Health SA
December 2024
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa.
Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting millions of people in Africa. Among other reported findings, many people living with epilepsy (PLWE) believe that the condition is caused by spiritual factors. Previous studies have revealed that majority of PLWE are not receiving adequate care and treatment because of diverse cultural beliefs associated with epilepsy.
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