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Adaptive approach to diagnosis of amebic liver abscess in non-endemic areas.

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis

January 2025

Division of Infectious Diseases, Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA, 92134, USA; Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.

Entamoeba histolytica infections range from asymptomatic intestinal amebiasis to more severe syndromes like invasive colitis or hepatic abscess. While diagnostic tests available for assessing these infections have evolved, the optimal use of newer diagnostics like enteric multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) panels has not been fully established. Here we describe the case of a 34-year-old male with an amebic liver abscess (ALA) that was diagnosed via multiplex Gastrointestinal (GI) PCR panel on formed stool and subsequently confirmed by testing liver abscess fluid (off-label) on the same multiplex GI PCR panel leading to rapid diagnosis and targeted treatment modification with excellent outcome.

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Objective: To determine the prevalence of amoebiasis, which has been neglected in recent years according to the World Health Organization, in ulcerative colitis patients and investigate the relationship between amoebiasis and ulcerative colitis.

Methods: The study included 150 individuals, including 100 ulcerative colitis patients and 50 healthy individuals without gastrointestinal complaints. The samples collected were first analyzed macroscopically and then using native-Lugol, trichrome staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

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Amoebae: beyond pathogens- exploring their benefits and future potential.

Front Cell Infect Microbiol

January 2025

Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute (RKMVERI), Kolkata, India.

Amoebae, fascinatingly diverse protists, showcase a dual nature that positions them as both friends and foes in our world. These organisms, defined by their distinctive pseudopodia, span a spectrum from harmful to helpful. On the darker side, species like pose serious health risks, causing intestinal and liver diseases, while the infamous "brain-eating" leads to fatal primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), with a daunting 97% mortality rate.

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Article Synopsis
  • Entamoeba histolytica is a parasite causing intestinal amebiasis, particularly prevalent in tropical areas and a major health issue in developing countries. Traditional diagnostic methods can cause delays in treatment, exacerbating patient conditions.
  • A case involving a 59-year-old HIV-positive man revealed how initial testing misdiagnosed his illness, but advanced diagnostics using the FilmArray GI Panel quickly identified E. histolytica in under an hour.
  • The successful and prompt treatment with antiamoebic drugs significantly improved the patient's health, highlighting the importance of rapid diagnosis in managing gastrointestinal infections effectively.
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Difficulty Confirming the Diagnosis of Amoebic Enteritis.

Tokai J Exp Clin Med

December 2024

Department of Gastroenterology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • Amoebic dysentery is a serious disease in Japan, classified as Category 5, with around 1,000 annual cases, and about 10% are invasive strains.
  • Most invasive cases show no symptoms, making them hard to detect, especially since a key blood test was discontinued in 2017.
  • Proper diagnosis and treatment are crucial to avoid severe complications, such as ulceration and liver abscesses, which can occur with delayed care.
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