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Post-Stroke Recovery in Relation to Parvalbumin-Positive Interneurons and Perineuronal Nets.
Neurorehabil Neural Repair
January 2025
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Background: There is a critical time window of post-stroke neuroplasticity when spontaneous behavioral recovery occurs. Potential factors responsible for this heightened plasticity are the reduction of parvalbumin-immunoreactive (PV+) interneuron inhibitory signaling and the disappearance of extracellular matrix synaptic stabilizers called perineuronal net(s; PNN/PNNs).
Objective: This study investigated whether behavioral recovery during this critical period following stroke is associated with changes in densities of PV+ interneurons and PNNs.
Spontaneous remission of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia followed by severe pulmonary nocardiosis in a patient with HIV infection: A case report.
J Infect Chemother
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan.
We describe a rare case of spontaneous remission of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in a 42-year-old patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, followed by severe pulmonary nocardiosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous remission of PCP in a completely untreated patient with HIV infection. The patient, a bisexual Japanese man, presented with fever and anorexia and had a history of non-compliance with antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 13 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrasonography-guided aspiration and sclerotherapy for simple renal cysts in children: a comparative study with laparoscopic deroofing and optimization of therapeutic approaches.
Pediatr Surg Int
January 2025
National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Department of Urology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 136 Zhongshan Road, Chongqing, 400014, China.
Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of ultrasonography-guided aspiration and sclerotherapy and laparoscopic deroofing for the treatment of simple renal cysts in children, providing evidence for clinical decision-making in the management of pediatric renal cysts.
Methods: A total of 49 patients with simple renal cysts were divided into two groups based on the treatment method: 29 patients (group 1) underwent laparoscopic deroofing, 20 patients (group 2) underwent ultrasonography-guided aspiration and sclerotherapy. The clinical efficacy differences between the two groups were compared.
When patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are misdiagnosed as having nonconvulsive status epilepticus.
Epilepsia
January 2025
Epilepsy Unit, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France.
Contemporary studies report nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), based on benzodiazepine (BZP)-responsive epileptiform discharges on the electroencephalogram (EEG), with the following false syllogism: (1) intravenous (IV) administration of BZPs usually suppress ictal activity in NCSE; (2) in CJD, periodic sharp wave complexes (PSWCs) are suppressed by IV BZPs; (3) therefore, these patients have NCSE. This is a simplistic and invalid conclusion, because authors of 20th-century science reports have clearly shown that IV BZPs, short-acting barbiturates, and drugs with no antiseizure effects, such as chloral hydrate and IV naloxone, suppress PSWCs, but patients fall asleep with no clinical improvement. In contrast, IV methylphenidate transiently improves both the EEG and clinical states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTree shrew as a new animal model for musculoskeletal disorders and aging.
Bone Res
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), osteoarthritis (OA), and osteoporosis (OP) are common musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) with similar age-related risk factors, representing the leading causes of disability. However, successful therapeutic development and translation have been hampered by the lack of clinically-relevant animal models. In this study, we investigated the potential suitability of the tree shrew, a small mammal with a close genetic relationship to primates, as a new animal model for MSDs.
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