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Gastrointestinal Bile Salt Concentrations in Healthy Adults Under Fasted and Fed Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Mechanistic Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modelling.
AAPS J
January 2025
Certara UK Limited, Level 2, Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield, S1 2BJ, UK.
Bile salts are biosurfactants released into the intestinal lumen which play an important role in the solubilisation of fats and certain drugs. Their concentrations vary along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This is significant for implementation in physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling to mechanistically capture drug absorption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of Food Physical Properties on Oral Drug Absorption: A Comprehensive Review.
Drug Des Devel Ther
January 2025
Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Food-Drug Interaction (FDI) refers to the phenomenon where food affects the pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic characteristics of a drug, significantly altering the drug's absorption rate or absorption extent. These Interactions are considered as a primary determinant in influencing the bioavailability of orally administered drugs within the gastrointestinal tract. The impact of food on drug absorption is complex and multifaceted, potentially involving alterations in gastrointestinal physiology, increases in splanchnic blood flow rates, and shifts in the gut microbiota's composition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCould New Palm-Free Structured Lipids Mitigate Postprandial Hyperlipidemia and Inflammation Induced by High-Fat Meals in Swiss Mice?
J Am Nutr Assoc
January 2025
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
A high-fat meal can cause postprandial hyperlipemia, initiating an acute inflammatory response. New structured lipids (SLs) free from trans and palm fatty acids are emerging as food structurants. We evaluated the postprandial response and inflammatory profiles in Swiss mice after oral administration of SLs in high-fat meals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtective role of Pannexin1 in lymphatic endothelial cells in the progression of atherosclerosis in female mice.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Atherosclerosis is a progressive arterial disease arising from imbalanced lipid metabolism and a maladaptive immune response. The lymphatic system ensures tissue fluid homeostasis, absorption of dietary fats and trafficking of immune cells to draining lymph nodes, thereby potentially affecting atherogenesis. Endothelial cell-specific deletion of Pannexin1 (Panx1) in apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe-/-) mice increased atherosclerosis, suggesting a protective role for Panx1 channels in arterial endothelial function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacological Mechanisms of Bile Acids Targeting the Farnesoid X Receptor.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
Bile acids (BAs), a category of amphiphilic metabolites synthesized by liver cells and released into the intestine via the bile duct, serve a vital role in the emulsification of ingested fats during the digestive process. Beyond their conventional emulsifying function, BAs, with their diverse structures, also act as significant hormones within the body. They are pivotal in facilitating nutrient absorption by interacting with the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and they serve as key regulators of lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as immune system balance.
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