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  • India has a high rate of gallstone incidence, which can lead to chronic inflammation and increase cancer risks; this study investigated gallstone age and composition using advanced dating and analysis methods.
  • Three cholesterol gallstones with different histopathologies were analyzed, revealing that the stone with dysplasia formed over six years, while the others took longer; all stones were primarily cholesterol-based, with additional compounds found in the dysplastic stone.
  • The study highlighted the potential of combining radiocarbon dating and microbial analysis in understanding gallstone development, suggesting a link between specific bacterial abundance and gallstone pathology, particularly in dysplastic cases.
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A multidisciplinary approach to forensic biological profiling on a single tooth and nail sample.

Int J Legal Med

January 2025

Faculty of Science and Engineering, Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Introduction: Analysis of a single tooth and nail can provide valuable forensic information, including year of birth, year of death, age, sex, DNA-profile, geographic residence during childhood and at time of death and drug exposure. The aim is to minimize the amount of used bodily material and to validate the applicability of a multidisciplinary sampling protocol.

Methods: A nail of the big toe, a tooth and blood of seven deceased individuals were collected postmortem.

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An improved dynamic metabolic model for application to biota.

J Environ Radioact

December 2024

"Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Life and Environmental Physics Department, 30 Reactorului St., Bucharest-Magurele, POB MG-6, RO-077125, Romania. Electronic address:

Any major nuclear facility must ensure the conservation of biodiversity regarding radiation protection of biota. A special concern is for tritium (H) and radiocarbon (C) transfer in wild mammals, birds and reptiles. Hydrogen and carbon are the main components of biological tissues and enter the life cycle.

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Independent identification of carbon emission peaks determined from fuel inventories is a challenging goal. Because of the complete depletion of radiocarbon (C) in fossil fuel sources, the measurement of atmospheric CO has proven to offer a means of achieving this goal. Here, we present a study identifying peak carbon emissions from two Chinese cities using urban tree-ring ΔC time series during 2000-2019.

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Extreme solar energetic particle events, known as Miyake events, are rare phenomena observed by cosmogenic isotopes, with only six documented. The timing of the ca. 660 BCE Miyake event remains undefined until now.

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