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We report a case and follow-up of an adult male with intracranial yolk sac tumor (YST). Initially, the patient presented with abnormal high signals in the right basal ganglia on MRI, misdiagnosed as a cavernous hemangioma. However, within 2 years, the condition rapidly progressed into a large, hypervascular solid neoplasm leading to a basal ganglia hemorrhage.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Cavernomas and orbital cavernous hemangiomas are specific types of vascular malformations linked to HOD, but their combination is extremely rare, with only one previous case reported.
  • * A notable case involved a 26-year-old male with eye bulging and myoclonus, where MRI revealed HOD from cavernous malformations, highlighting the need to consider vascular issues as potential causes of HOD.
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Postoperative brainstem cavernous malformations complicated with LGI1 encephalitis and hypertrophic olivary degeneration: A case report and literature review.

Clin Neurol Neurosurg

September 2024

Institute of Neurology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • - A 34-year-old male underwent surgery for brainstem cavernous malformations after experiencing repeated dizziness and headaches due to recurrent bleeding.
  • - One month post-surgery, he displayed unusual mental behavior and was diagnosed with LGI1 encephalitis, a condition linked to autoimmune issues affecting the brain.
  • - Six months later, imaging revealed hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD), highlighting the complexity and rarity of this clinical case involving post-operative complications.
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