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Cervical myelitis: a practical approach to its differential diagnosis on MR imaging.
Rofo
December 2023
Institute for Neuroradiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Background: Differential diagnosis of non-compressive cervical myelopathy encompasses a broad spectrum of inflammatory, infectious, vascular, neoplastic, neurodegenerative, and metabolic etiologies. Although the speed of symptom onset and clinical course seem to be specific for certain neurological diseases, lesion pattern on MR imaging is a key player to confirm diagnostic considerations.
Methods: The differentiation between acute complete transverse myelitis and acute partial transverse myelitis makes it possible to distinguish between certain entities, with the latter often being the onset of multiple sclerosis.
Epidemiology of acute flaccid myelitis in children in the Netherlands, 2014 to 2019.
Euro Surveill
October 2022
Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a rare, polio-like condition mainly affecting children and linked to non-polio-enteroviruses like EV-D68 and EV-A71; this study specifically focused on AFM incidence in the Netherlands from 2014 to 2019.
- Out of 143 patients reviewed, only eight had definite AFM, leading to a low incidence rate of 0.06 cases per 100,000 children per year, with EV-D68 detected in five respiratory samples but no EV-A71 found.
- The findings indicate that while AFM is rare, its occurrence does seem to align with outbreaks of EV-D68, highlighting the need for better awareness and monitoring among healthcare
[Acute Flaccid Paralysis].
Brain Nerve
October 2022
Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics.
Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a general term for "acute flaccid paralysis of the extremities" and is a concept proposed to prove that polio has been eradicated in the region due to undetected poliovirus in stool samples. Polio-like palsy associated with enterovirus A71 has been reported since 1997 and that with enterovirus D68 since 2013. Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) has been proposed to avoid confusion with AFP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCross-Reactive Antibody Responses against Nonpoliovirus Enteroviruses.
mBio
February 2022
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia Universitygrid.239585.0grid.21729.3f, New York, New York, USA.
Enteroviruses are among the most common human viral pathogens. Infection with members of a subgroup of viruses within this genus, the nonpoliovirus enteroviruses (NPEVs), can result in a broad spectrum of serious illnesses, including acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), a polio-like childhood paralysis; neonatal sepsis; aseptic meningitis; myocarditis; and hand-foot-mouth disease. Despite the diverse primary sites of virus infection, including the respiratory and alimentary tracts, and an array of diseases associated with these infections, there is significant genetic and antigenic similarity among NPEVs.
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