5,5-Diphenylhydantoin (DPH) is an antiepileptic drug associated with an increase in malformations in infants born to women taking DPH during pregnancy. Positive and negative results have been reported by various investigators for in vivo and in vitro chromosome aberration (CAB) assays, in vivo and in vitro sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assays, and in vivo micronucleus tests (MNT). In this laboratory, DPH was tested in an in vitro CAB assay using Chinese hamster ovary cells with and without an S-9 activation system, an in vivo SCE assay in female CD-1 mice, an in vivo MNT, using both male and female CD-1 mice, and a transplacental micronucleus test. The results from this comprehensive battery of cytogenetic tests were uniformly negative and support a conclusion that the known teratogen, DPH, is not clastogenic.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tcm.1770120106 | DOI Listing |
Mol Cancer Ther
January 2025
University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Up to 90% of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) patients will develop resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy, posing substantial therapeutic challenges due to a lack of universally druggable targets. Leveraging BenevolentAI's AI-driven approach to target discovery, we screened potential AI-predicted therapeutic targets mapped to unapproved tool compounds in patient-derived 3D models. This identified TNIK, which is modulated by NCB-0846, as a novel target for platinum-resistant HGSC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Chem Neurosci
January 2025
School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6845, Australia.
Natural aging is associated with mild memory loss and cognitive decline, and age is the greatest risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. There is substantial evidence that oxidative stress is a major contributor to both natural aging and neurodegenerative disease, and coincidently, levels of redox active metals such as Fe and Cu are known to be elevated later in life. Recently, a pronounced age-related increase in Cu content has been reported to occur in mice and rats around a vital regulatory brain region, the subventricular zone of lateral ventricles.
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January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Background/purpose: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), a complication arising from the use of bisphosphonates (BPs), inflicts long-term suffering on patients. Currently, there is still a lack of effective treatments. This study aimed to explore the preventive effects of propranolol (PRO) on BRONJ in vitro and in vivo, given PRO's potential in bone health enhancement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Dent Sci
January 2025
Department of Dentistry, Wan-Fang Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background/purpose: -2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG) is a bioactive component in the Chinese herb Polygonum multiflorum, recognized for its anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering properties. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have excellent capabilities in tooth regeneration, wound healing, and neural repair. The exosomes (Exo) released by hDPSCs contain bioactive molecules that influence cell proliferation, differentiation, and immune responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Vitro Model
February 2022
School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA.
Purpose: Present blood-contacting materials have not yet demonstrated to be effective in reducing blood coagulation without causing additional side effects clinically. We have developed an endothelial glycocalyx-inspired biomimetic surface that combines nanotopography, heparin presentation, and nitric oxide (NO)-releasing features. The resulting modified surfaces have already shown promise in reducing unfavorable blood-material interactions using platelet-rich plasma.
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