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Org Lett
November 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
A new approach for direct formylation of various amines has been disclosed using a novel formylating agent, formylhydrazine, to afford -formylamines in significant yields with application in the gram-scale synthesis of chlorothiazide. This transformylation (transfer of a formyl group from hydrazine to amines) occurs via denitrogenation in the presence of KSO as the exclusive reagent with water as the solvent. Two reaction pathways involving extremely underexplored formyl or hemiaminal radicals have been postulated, which require further investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2024
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
Special attention is given to the pharmacological treatment of combined medication of Carvedilol and hydrochlorothiazide which is the most effective and the most beneficial therapy for hypertensive patients with diabetes and various metabolic comorbidities. This work represents spectrophotometric platform scenarios based on factorized spectrum (FS) using interpoint data difference resolution scenarios (IDDRS) coupled with spectrum subtraction method (SS) for the concurrent quantification of carvedilol (CAR) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) when present together in a combination without the need for any initial physical separation steps. This IDD resolution scenario based on manipulating the zero-order spectra (D) of both drugs in the mixture with various spectral features at different wavelength regions (200-400 nm), region I (220-250 nm), region II (240-300 nm) and region III (270-320 nm) via absorbance resolution (AR) and induced absorbance resolution (IAR) methods coupled with corresponding spectrum subtraction (SS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
October 2024
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt. Electronic address:
Simultaneous determination of atenolol (ATN), losartan potassium (LOS), and hydrochlorothiazide (HCZ) in presence of HCZ impurity B was conducted by chemometric approaches and radial basis function network (RBFN) using UV-spectrophotometry without preliminary separation. Three chemometric models namely, classical least-squares (CLS), principal component regression (PCR), and partial least-squares (PLS) along with RBFN were utilized using the ternary mixtures of the three drugs. The multivariate calibrations were obtained by measuring the zero-order absorbance of the mixtures from 250 to 270 nm at the interval of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Pharmacol
September 2024
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Background And Purpose: This study analyses whether first-line antihypertensive drugs ameliorate the dysbiosis state in hypertension, and to test if this modification contributes to their blood pressure (BP) lowering properties in a genetic model of neurogenic hypertension.
Experimental Approach: Twenty-week-old male Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were untreated or treated with captopril, amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide. A faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment was also performed by gavage of faecal content from donor SHR-treated groups to SHR recipients for 3 weeks.
Int J Pharm
April 2024
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address:
Polypharmacy is a common issue, especially among elderly patients resulting in administration errors and patient inconvenience. Hypertension is a prevalent health condition that frequently leads to polypharmacy, as its treatment typically requires the co-administration of more than one different Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API's). To address these issues, floating hollow torus-shaped dosage forms were developed, aiming at providing prolonged gastric retention and sustained drug release.
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