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QRFP43 modulates the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in female sheep.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, Jabłonna, 05-110, Poland.
Since the early discovery of QRFP43, intensive research has been primarily focused on its role in the modulation of food intake. As is widely recognised, the regulation of the body's energy status is a highly complex process involving numerous systems, hormones and neurotransmitters. Among the most important regulators of energy status, alongside the satiety and hunger centre located in the hypothalamus, is the HPT axis, which directly and indirectly affects the regulation of metabolism in all cells of the body.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGender differences of neurometabolic and neuroendocrine alternations and its lateralization in adolescents with major depressive disorder.
BMC Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
Background: The clinical characteristics of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents show notable gender-related differences, but the cause of these differences is still not understood. The current research concentrates on the changes in neurometabolism and neuroendocrine function, aiming to identify differences in endocrine function and brain metabolism between male and female adolescents with MDD.
Methods: A total of 121 teenagers diagnosed with MDD (43 males and 78 females) were enlisted as participants.
The Dlk1-Dio3 noncoding RNA cluster coordinately regulates mitochondrial respiration and chromatin structure to establish proper cell state for muscle differentiation.
Development
December 2024
Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
The coordinate regulation of metabolism and epigenetics to establish cell state-specific gene expression patterns during lineage progression is a central aspect of cell differentiation, but the factors that regulate this elaborate interplay are not well-defined. The imprinted Dlk1-Dio3 noncoding RNA (ncRNA) cluster has been associated with metabolism in various progenitor cells, suggesting it functions as a regulator of metabolism and cell state. Here, we directly demonstrate that the Dlk1-Dio3 ncRNA cluster coordinates mitochondrial respiration and chromatin structure to maintain proper cell state.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOntogeny of Thyroid Hormone Signaling in the Retina of Zebrafish: Effects of Thyroidal Status on Retinal Morphology, Cell Survival, and Color Preference.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México (UNAM), Campus Juriquilla, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Queretaro 76230, Mexico.
The retina is crucial for converting light into neuronal signals for visual perception. Understanding the retina's structure, function, and development is essential for vision research. It is known that the thyroid hormone (TH) receptor type beta 2 (TRβ2) is a key element in the regulation of cone differentiation in the retina, but other elements of TH signaling, such as transporters and enzyme deiodinases, have also been implicated in retinal cell development and survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural Insights into the Iodothyronine Deiodinase 2 Catalytic Core and Deiodinase Catalysis and Dimerization.
Biomolecules
October 2024
Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
Iodothyronine deiodinases (Dio) are selenocysteine-containing membrane enzymes that activate and inactivate the thyroid hormones (TH) through reductive iodide eliminations. The three deiodinase isoforms are homodimers sharing highly conserved amino acid sequences, but they differ in their regioselectivities for the deiodination reaction and regulatory features. We have now solved a crystal structure of the mouse deiodinase 2 (Dio2) catalytic domain.
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