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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1194831PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sti.68.2.143DOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • The study compared the costs of the current CDC 3-step HIV testing algorithm with a new single-test alternative (cobas) for efficiency in diagnosing HIV.
  • A decision-tree model estimated costs and testing needs for 1 million people, revealing significant reductions in total tests and retests required when using the alternative method.
  • Findings indicate that the new algorithm could simplify HIV testing processes, cut overall testing numbers, and keep healthcare costs stable, thereby improving patient outcomes.
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One of the striking features of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the capsid, a fullerene cone comprised of pleomorphic capsid protein (CA) that shields the viral genome and recruits cofactors. Despite significant advances in understanding the mechanisms of HIV-1 CA assembly and host factor interactions, HIV-2 CA assembly remains poorly understood. By templating the assembly of HIV-2 CA on functionalized liposomes, we report high-resolution structures of the HIV-2 CA lattice, including both CA hexamers and pentamers, alone and with peptides of host phenylalanine-glycine (FG)-motif proteins Nup153 and CPSF6.

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Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Cellular Partners Along the Viral Cycle.

Viruses

December 2024

ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, PhEED Unit, 14430 Goustranville, France.

Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is the simplest described within the family, related to the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2). There is an important interplay between host cells and viruses. Viruses need to hijack cellular proteins for their viral cycle completion and some cellular proteins are antiviral agents interfering with viral replication.

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Unlabelled: Interlinked interactions between the viral capsid (CA), nucleoporins (Nups), and the antiviral protein myxovirus resistance 2 (MX2/MXB) influence human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) nuclear entry and the outcome of infection. Although RANBP2/NUP358 has been repeatedly identified as a critical player in HIV-1 nuclear import and MX2 activity, the mechanism by which RANBP2 facilitates HIV-1 infection is not well understood. To explore the interactions between MX2, the viral CA, and RANBP2, we utilized CRISPR-Cas9 to generate cell lines expressing RANBP2 from its endogenous locus but lacking the C-terminal cyclophilin (Cyp) homology domain and found that both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections were reduced significantly in RANBP2 cells.

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The review examines recent advances in the design and synthesis of 1,3-selenazole derivatives since 2000. Various synthetic approaches to 1,3-selenazoles and reaction conditions are discussed. The beneficial properties of 1,3-selenazoles, especially their biological activity, are emphasized.

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