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Detection and analysis of Serpin and RP26 specific antibodies for monitoring Schistosoma haematobium transmission.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Background: Schistosoma haematobium is the causative pathogen for urogenital schistosomiasis. To achieve progress towards schistosomiasis elimination, there is a critical need for developing highly sensitive and specific tools to monitor transmission in near-elimination settings. Although antibody detection is a promising approach, it is usually unable to discriminate active infections from past ones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Human Microglia Atlas (HuMicA) unravels changes in disease-associated microglia subsets across neurodegenerative conditions.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
Dysregulated microglia activation, leading to neuroinflammation, is crucial in neurodegenerative disease development and progression. We constructed an atlas of human brain immune cells by integrating nineteen single-nucleus RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq datasets from multiple neurodegenerative conditions, comprising 241 samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Lewy body diseases, COVID-19, and healthy controls. The integrated Human Microglia Atlas (HuMicA) included 90,716 nuclei/cells and revealed nine populations distributed across all conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClonal analysis of SepSecS-specific B and T cells in autoimmune hepatitis.
J Clin Invest
January 2025
Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare chronic inflammatory liver disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies, including those targeting O-phosphoseryl-tRNA:selenocysteine-tRNA synthase (SepSecS), also known as soluble liver antigen (SLA). Anti-SepSecS antibodies have been associated with a more severe phenotype, suggesting a key role for the SepSecS autoantigen in AIH. To analyze the immune response to SepSecS in patients with AIH at the clonal level, we combined sensitive high-throughput screening assays with the isolation of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and T cell clones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA DNA origami-based enzymatic cascade nanoreactor for chemodynamic cancer therapy and activation of antitumor immunity.
Sci Adv
January 2025
CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is a promising and potent therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. We developed a DNA origami-based enzymatic cascade nanoreactor (DOECN) containing spatially well-organized Au nanoparticles and ferric oxide (FeO) nanoclusters for targeted delivery and inhibition of tumor cell growth. The DOECN can synergistically promote the generation of hydrogen peroxide (HO), consumption of glutathione, and creation of an acidic environment, thereby amplifying the Fenton-type reaction and producing abundant reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), for augmenting the CDT outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcanthamoeba Infection in a Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipient: Challenges in Diagnosis, Management, and Source Identification.
Transpl Infect Dis
December 2024
Transplant Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
We report a case of Acanthamoeba infection in an HCT recipient with steroid-refractory GVHD. We highlight the multiple challenges that free-living ameba infections present to the clinician, the clinical laboratory, transplant infectious disease for review, hospital epidemiology if nosocomial transmission is considered, and public health officials, as exposure source identification can be a significant challenge. Transplant physicians should include Acanthamoeba infections in their differential diagnosis of a patient with skin, sinus, lung, and/or brain involvement.
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