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Hybridisation is a source of genetic diversity, can drive adaptation to new niches and has been found to be a frequent event in lineages harbouring pathogenic fungi. However, little is known about the genomic implications of hybridisation nor its impact on pathogenicity-related traits. A common limitation for addressing these questions is the narrow representativity of sequenced genomes, mostly corresponding to strains isolated from infected patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Phage-Based Approach to Identify Antivirulence Inhibitors of Bacterial Type IV Pili.
Microb Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
The increasing threat of antibiotic resistance underscores the urgent need for innovative strategies to combat infectious diseases, including the development of antivirulants. Microbial pathogens rely on their virulence factors to initiate and sustain infections. Antivirulants are small molecules designed to target virulence factors, thereby attenuating the virulence of infectious microbes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmbryonic Mammary Gland Morphogenesis.
Adv Exp Med Biol
January 2025
Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Embryonic mammary gland development unfolds with the specification of bilateral mammary lines, thereafter progressing through placode, bud, and sprout stages before branching morphogenesis. Extensive epithelial-mesenchymal interactions guide morphogenesis from embryogenesis to adulthood. Two distinct mesenchymal tissues are involved, the primary mammary mesenchyme that harbors mammary inductive capacity, and the secondary mesenchyme, the precursor of the adult stroma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCalycosin‑7‑O‑β‑D‑glucoside downregulates mitophagy by mitigating mitochondrial fission to protect HT22 cells from oxygen‑glucose deprivation/reperfusion‑induced injury.
Mol Med Rep
March 2025
Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu‑Yao, Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.
Calycosin‑7‑O‑β‑D‑glucoside (CG), a major active ingredient of Astragali Radix, exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia; however, whether the effects of CG are associated with mitochondrial protection remains unclear. The present study explored the role of CG in improving mitochondrial function in a HT22 cell model of oxygen‑glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). The Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and western blotting were performed to investigate the effects of CG on mitochondrial function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInverse dose protraction effects of high-LET radiation: evidence and significance.
Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res
January 2025
Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, MD 20892-9778, USA; Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus, OX3 0BP, UK.
Biological effects of ionizing radiation vary with radiation quality, which is often expressed as the amount of energy deposited per unit length, i.e., linear energy transfer (LET).
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