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Muscarinic receptor agonists and positive allosteric modulators in animal models of psychosis: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
F1000Res
January 2025
German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site München/Augsburg, Munich, Germany.
Background: Muscarinic receptor agonism and positive allosteric modulation is a promising mechanism of action for treating psychosis, not present in most D2R-blocking antipsychotics. Xanomeline, an M1/M4-preferring agonist, has shown efficacy in late-stage clinical trials, with more compounds being investigated. Therefore, we aim to synthesize evidence on the preclinical efficacy of muscarinic receptor agonists and positive allosteric modulators in animal models of psychosis to provide unique insights and evidence-based information to guide drug development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistinct Effects of Olanzapine Depot Treatment on Behavior and Muscarinic M1 Receptor Expression in the Triple-Hit Wisket Rat Model of Schizophrenia.
Genes Brain Behav
February 2025
Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
This study aimed to characterize the triple-hit schizophrenia-like model rats (Wisket) by the assessment of (1) behavioral parameters in different test conditions (reward-based Ambitus test and HomeManner system) for a prolonged period, (2) cerebral muscarinic M1 receptor (M1R) expression, and (3) the effects of olanzapine treatment on these parameters. Wistar (control) and Wisket rats were injected for three consecutive weeks with olanzapine depot (100 mg/kg) and spent 4 weeks in large cages with environmental enrichment (HomeManner). The vehicle-treated Wisket rats spent longer time awake with decreased grooming activity compared to controls, without changes in their active social behavior (sniffing, playing, fighting) obtained in HomeManner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Pharmacotherapeutic treatment in an adolescent with bipolar disorders].
Tijdschr Psychiatr
January 2025
Bipolar disorder (BD) frequently occurs in children and adolescents, but pharmacological treatment in this group presents significant challenges. Clinicians often struggle to find appropriate treatment guidelines due to the primary focus of current guidelines on adults, leaving specific recommendations for the acute and maintenance treatment of BD in children and adolescents either insufficient or entirely absent. This gap is partly due to the lack of targeted studies in this age group, leading practitioners to rely on clinical experience and studies conducted in adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow Quickly Multiple Medication Use Can Start: A Medication for Every Complaint on the First Visit Compromising the Ability to Determine Cause and Effect.
J Psychiatr Pract
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Kansas, Wichita, KS.
This article presents a case demonstrating that multiple medication use can begin on the first outpatient visit if the prescriber makes multiple psychiatric diagnoses and then feels the need to treat each diagnosis with a different central nervous system active medication labeled for each indication. This approach poses potential problems. First, a single drug or perhaps 2 drugs, in this case, may have been sufficient as initial and perhaps final treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Valproate Coprescription on Clozapine Pharmacokinetics in Clinical Practice.
J Clin Psychopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
Background: Sodium valproate has been coprescribed with clozapine for seizure prophylaxis and for augmentation in treatment-refractory schizophrenia. However, the effect of valproate on clozapine metabolism and on the incidence of clozapine-related side effects is unclear.
Methods: We compared clozapine dose and plasma clozapine and N-desmethylclozapine (norclozapine) concentrations in smokers and nonsmokers of both sexes in samples submitted for clozapine therapeutic drug monitoring, 1996-2017 in relation to valproate coprescription.
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