1. Bovine insulin dissolved in 0.05 M deoxycholic acid was absorbed through oral intubation in fish weighing 200-300 g. 2. The peak of absorption appeared in all fish, 30-45 min after intubation and was followed by a gradual decrease. The extent of absorption was extremely variable, with up to a 20-fold difference between individuals. No detectable insulin was found in fish intubated with vehicle. 3. The absorbed hormone retained 17-88% of its lipogenic bioactivity in vitro. The absorbed insulin lowered the levels of several amino acids in the intubated fish, indirectly indicating that its bioactivity was also retained in vivo.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(92)90621-v | DOI Listing |
Drug Metab Dispos
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Electronic address:
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a physiologically relevant approach that integrates drug-specific and system parameters to generate pharmacokinetic predictions for target populations. It has gained immense popularity for drug-drug interaction, organ impairment, and special population studies over the past 2 decades. However, an application of PBPK modeling with great potential remains rather overlooked-prediction of diarrheal disease impact on oral drug pharmacokinetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Metab Dispos
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Electronic address:
To further the development of an in vitro model that faithfully recapitulates drug disposition of orally administered drugs, we investigated the utility of human enteroid monolayers to simultaneously assess intestinal drug absorption and first-pass metabolism processes. We cultured human enteroid monolayers from 3 donors, derived via biopsies containing duodenal stem cells that were propagated and then differentiated atop permeable Transwell inserts, and confirmed transformation into a largely enterocyte population via RNA sequencing analysis and immunocytochemistry (ICC) assays. Proper cell morphology was assessed and confirmed via bright field microscopy and ICC imaging of tight junction proteins and other apically and basolaterally localized proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Control Release
January 2025
National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China. Electronic address:
Neurotrophic keratopathy is a degenerative disease caused by corneal nerve damage, leading to corneal ulceration. Recombinant human nerve growth factor (rhNGF) was approved for neurotrophic keratitis therapy; however, the excipients of the eye drops are not optimized for its controlled release. To this aim, we introduce the hypotonic hydrogel PF127 as an excipient for rhNGF in eye drops.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Cannabidiol (CBD), a specialized metabolite (phytocannabinoid) abundant in Cannabis sativa, is attracting increasing attention for its alleged health-promoting properties. The present study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of CBD and its primary metabolite, 7-hydroxy-cannabidiol (7-OH-CBD), following a single oral dose of a CBD-rich Cannabis sativa extract, equivalent to 70 mg CBD, in healthy male (n=5) and female (n=6) participants. Using a randomized crossover design, the study evaluated the impact of a standardized high-fat meal compared to fasting on the oral bioavailability of CBD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomater Sci
January 2025
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
To enhance the antibacterial efficacy of tildipirosin against (S.A.) infections, optimized solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with tildipirosin (SLN-TD) were developed, using docosanoic acid (DA), octadecanoic acid (OA), hexadecanoic acid (HA), and tetradecanoic acid (TA) as lipid components.
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