Spontaneous episodes of spreading depression (SD) were observed in the CA3 subfield of immature or young (2-30 days postnatally) hippocampal slices perfused with medium containing 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 50 microM). SD appeared in 34% of the hippocampal slices examined and was more frequently observed in slices obtained from 11 to 20-day-old animals. SD studied with extracellular field potential recordings consisted of large amplitude (18.7 +/- 1.1 mV, mean +/- S.E.M.) negative DC shifts that lasted 30-250 s. Unlike the epileptiform activity that was concomitantly seen during 4-AP application, SD was blocked by the NMDA receptor antagonist 3-((RS)-2-carboxypiperazine-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP, 2-10 microM). In contrast, 6-cyano-7-nitro-quinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX, 5 microM), a non-NMDA-type receptor antagonist, blocked the epileptiform activity but only increased the interval between SD episodes. These results demonstrate that immature hippocampal tissue is susceptible to SD episodes, when perfused with 4-AP-containing medium, and that the occurrence of these episodes presumably depends on the activation of the NMDA receptor. In addition these findings indicate that SD shows a sensitivity to excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists that differs from that of the epileptiform activity recorded simultaneously.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90155-z | DOI Listing |
Prog Neurobiol
January 2025
Institute of Biomedical Investigations August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Systems Neuroscience, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:
Elucidating human cerebral cortex function is essential for understanding the physiological basis of both healthy and pathological brain states. We obtained extracellular local field potential recordings from cortical slices of neocortical tissue from refractory epilepsy patients. Multi-electrode recordings were combined with histological information, providing a two-dimensional spatiotemporal characterization of human cortical dynamics in control conditions and following modulation of the excitation/inhibition balance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Neuropharmacol
January 2025
Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and Physiology, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montréal, Québec, H3A 2B4, Canada.
Background: Catamenial epilepsy, which is defined as a periodicity of seizure exacerbation occurring during the menstrual cycle, has been reported in up to 70% of epileptic women. These seizures are often non-responsive to medication and our understanding of the relation between menstrual cycle and seizure generation (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Res
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Introduction: We aimed to investigate the effects of central kisspeptin-10 and p234 administration on basal brain activity and epilepsy-like conditions induced by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), as well as their roles in the electrocorticogram (ECoG) power spectrum and EEG waves.
Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: sham,4-AP (2.5 mg/kg i.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg
January 2025
Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Sancaktepe Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:
Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is one of the most common mitochondrial disorders, typically presenting with symptoms before the age of 40. Epileptic seizures are a common manifestation, with both focal and generalized seizures being observed. EEG findings can be variable, with the most common patterns being slow background activity followed by epileptiform discharges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Neurol
January 2025
Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
Background: Epileptiform activity, including status epilepticus (SE), occurs in up to one-third of comatose survivors of cardiac arrest and may predict poor outcome. The relationship between SE and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) is not established.
Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study on consecutive patients with post-anoxic super-refractory SE.
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