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CXCL-10 in Cerebrospinal Fluid Detects Neuroinflammation in HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy with High Accuracy.
Viruses
January 2025
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil.
Background And Objectives: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease of the spinal cord. This study assesses the diagnostic accuracy of the neuroinflammatory biomarkers neopterin and cysteine-X-cysteine motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL-10) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for HAM.
Methods: CSF samples from 75 patients with neurological disorders-33 with HAM (Group A), 19 HTLV-1-seronegative with other neuroinflammatory diseases (Group B), and 23 HTLV-1-seronegative with non-neuroinflammatory diseases (Group C)-were retrospectively evaluated.
Incidence of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy in the UK from 1991 to 2024: a longitudinal observational cohort study.
Front Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) may cause spinal cord inflammation, leading to HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). HAM is a chronic and progressive neurological disorder that is associated with increased mortality and impaired quality of life. There are limited data on the incidence of HAM, with higher rates seen in Latin America and the Caribbean compared to Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the impact of interferon-gamma single nucleotide polymorphisms on HTLV-1 infection: Unraveling genetic influences in viral pathogenesis.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol
January 2025
Department of Haematology, Bayero University Kano and Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) induces neoplastic adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and neurological HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM) in approximately 3 %-5 % of infected individuals. The precise factors that facilitate disease manifestation are still unknown; interaction between the virus and the host's immune response is key. Cytokines regulates physiological activities and their dysregulation may initiate the pathogenesis of various malignant and infectious diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiological Changes in the Spinal Cord and Brain of Patients with HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP).
Pathogens
October 2024
Viral Immunology Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a chronic, progressive neurological disorder and shares many radiological and clinical features with other more prevalent myelopathies. Here, we quantified spinal cord and brain volumes in adults with HAM/TSP in comparison with healthy volunteers (HVs) and individuals diagnosed with relapsing-remitting or progressive multiple sclerosis (RRMS or P-MS). Clinical disability and MRI were assessed in 24 HVs, 43 HAM/TSP subjects, and 46 MS subjects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorrelation Between TWEAK Serum Level and HTLV-1 Proviral Load in HAM/TSP.
Viral Immunol
November 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology (Bacteriology & Virology), Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), the main neurological manifestation of HTLV-I, is a chronic inflammatory disease. Viral-host interaction and host genetics are two important contributors to the development of the HAM/TSP. This study was conducted to measure the serum level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) by ELISA method in three groups of participants including 34 HAM/TSP patients (HAM/TSP), 35 asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (ACs), and 20 healthy controls (HCs).
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