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Variations in cerebral blood flow and blood volume interact with intracranial pressure and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics, all of which play a crucial role in brain homeostasis. A key physiological modulator is respiration, but its impact on cerebral blood flow and volume has not been thoroughly investigated. Here we used 4D flow MRI in a population-based sample of 65 participants (mean age = 75 ± 1) to quantify these effects.

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Aerobic exercise prevents renal osteodystrophy via irisin-activated osteoblasts.

JCI Insight

January 2025

Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.

Renal osteodystrophy is commonly seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to disrupted mineral homeostasis. Given the impaired renal function in these patients, common anti-resorptive agents, including bisphosphonates, must be used with caution or even contraindicated. Therefore, an alternative therapy without renal burden to combat renal osteodystrophy is urgently needed.

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Acetylation modification in the regulation of macroautophagy.

Adv Biotechnol (Singap)

June 2024

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Design, Institute of Plant and Food Science, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.

Macroautophagy, commonly referred to as autophagy, is an evolutionarily conserved cellular process that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. It orchestrates the delivery of dysfunctional or surplus cellular materials to the vacuole or lysosome for degradation and recycling, particularly during adverse conditions. Over the past few decades, research has unveiled intricate regulatory mechanisms governing autophagy through various post-translational modifications (PTMs).

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Coronaviruses (CoV) emerge suddenly from animal reservoirs to cause novel diseases in new hosts. Discovered in 2012, the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is endemic in camels in the Middle East and is continually causing local outbreaks and epidemics. While all three newly emerging human CoVs from the past 20 years (SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV) cause respiratory disease, each CoV has unique host interactions that drive differential pathogeneses.

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Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes in Microglia: One Contact Site to Rule Them all.

Contact (Thousand Oaks)

January 2025

Department of Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by monitoring and responding to environmental changes through processes such as phagocytosis, cytokine production or synapse remodeling. Their dynamic nature and diverse functions are supported by the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways, enabling microglia to efficiently adapt to fluctuating signals. A key aspect of this regulation occurs at mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAM), specialized contact sites between the ER and mitochondria.

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