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Clinical Snapshot of Group A Streptococcal Isolates from an Australian Tertiary Hospital.
Pathogens
November 2024
Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia.
(Group A , GAS) is a human-restricted pathogen that causes a wide range of diseases from pharyngitis and scarlet fever to more severe, invasive infections such as necrotising fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. There has been a global increase in both scarlet fever and invasive infections during the COVID-19 post-pandemic period. The aim of this study was the molecular characterisation of 17 invasive and non-invasive clinical non-1 GAS isolates from an Australian tertiary hospital collected between 2021 and 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of the RofA regulon in the pandemic M1 and emergent M1 lineages of .
Microb Genom
December 2023
Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- * In a study analyzing RNAseq data from different strains, deletion of RofA in M1 strains affected expression levels of several genes, with distinct impacts on each lineage regarding non-pilus genes.
- * Changes in gene expression due to specific SNPs in the M1 lineage didn't significantly affect an M1 strain, but reversing those SNPs resulted in notable transcriptomic changes similar to those caused by RofA deletion, indicating a complex regulatory role that requires further exploration.
Regional differences in historical diphtheria and scarlet fever notification rates in The Netherlands, 1905-1925: a spatial-temporal analysis.
R Soc Open Sci
November 2023
Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Background: We describe how rates of two frequently occurring notifiable diseases-diphtheria and scarlet fever-varied between regions of The Netherlands in the early twentieth century, and identify potential factors underlying this variation.
Methods: Digitized weekly mandatory notification data for 1905-1925, municipality level, were aggregated into 27 'spatial units' defined by unique combinations of province and population density category (high: more than 4500; mid : 1250-4500; low: less than 1250 inhabitants km). Generalized additive regression models were fitted to estimate the associations between notification rates and population density, infant mortality rate and household income, while adjusting for temporal trends per spatial unit.
Patterns of cytonuclear discordance and divergence between subspecies of the scarlet macaw (Ara macao) in Central America.
Genetica
October 2023
Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, 10024, USA.
The scarlet macaw, Ara macao, is a neotropical parrot that contains two described subspecies with broadly discrete geographical distributions. One subspecies, A. m.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of emergent toxigenic M1 and associated sublineages.
Microb Genom
April 2023
Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Genotype 1, particularly the M1 sublineage, is a virulent strain linked to scarlet fever outbreaks in England during 2015/2016, marked by 27 specific SNPs in its genome.
- Comparative analyses revealed only seven differentially expressed genes in M1 compared to other strains, with key metabolic changes influencing pathogen behavior.
- The evolution of M1 is attributed to a stepwise accumulation of SNPs that enhance its fitness, allowing it to outcompete other related strains, despite having similar toxin production capabilities.
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