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Steatotic liver disease in people with HIV at Tshepong Hospital: A post-mortem analysis.
South Afr J HIV Med
December 2024
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Background: Liver disease is the leading cause of non-AIDS-related mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH). Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is increasingly recognised as an important aetiological factor in liver dysfunction in PLWH.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the post-mortem prevalence and severity of SLD and determine HIV- and non-HIV-related risk factors associated with it.
Tattoo ink exposure is associated with lymphoma and skin cancers - a Danish study of twins.
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Biodemography, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Background: We aim to study the potential association between tattoo ink exposure and development of certain types of cancers in the recently established Danish Twin Tattoo Cohort. Tattoo ink is known to transfer from skin to blood and accumulate in regional lymph nodes. We are concerned that tattoo ink induces inflammation at the deposit site, leading to chronic inflammation and increasing risk of abnormal cell proliferation, especially skin cancer and lymphoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPenalized G-estimation for effect modifier selection in a structural nested mean model for repeated outcomes.
Biometrics
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada.
Effect modification occurs when the impact of the treatment on an outcome varies based on the levels of other covariates known as effect modifiers. Modeling these effect differences is important for etiological goals and for purposes of optimizing treatment. Structural nested mean models (SNMMs) are useful causal models for estimating the potentially heterogeneous effect of a time-varying exposure on the mean of an outcome in the presence of time-varying confounding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnvironmental Mycotoxins: A Potential Etiological Factor for Neurodegenerative Diseases?
Toxicology
January 2025
College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China. Electronic address:
Mycotoxins are potential environmental risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases. These toxins penetrate the central nervous system via a compromised blood-brain barrier, which may cause oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, these can also contribute to amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation, Tau protein hyperphosphorylation, and neurofibrillary tangle formation. Mycotoxins also activate microglia, cause neuronal apoptosis, and disrupt central nervous system function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute Coronary Syndrome in Brazil: Registration of Predisposing Factors and Population Profile in a National Public Reference Cardiological Institute.
Arq Bras Cardiol
January 2025
Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brasil.
Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Knowing the predisposing factors is essential for preventing it.
Objectives: To describe the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of the population with ACS admitted to an emergency room in the State of São Paulo.
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