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CD4 T cells re-wire granuloma cellularity and regulatory networks to promote immunomodulation following Mtb reinfection.
Immunity
October 2024
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address:
Immunological priming-in the context of either prior infection or vaccination-elicits protective responses against subsequent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. However, the changes that occur in the lung cellular milieu post-primary Mtb infection and their contributions to protection upon reinfection remain poorly understood. Using clinical and microbiological endpoints in a non-human primate reinfection model, we demonstrated that prior Mtb infection elicited a long-lasting protective response against subsequent Mtb exposure and was CD4 T cell dependent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of IL-17A on the immune response to pulmonary tuberculosis induced by high- and low-virulence strains of Mycobacterium bovis.
PLoS One
July 2024
Departamento de Patología, Sección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious, chronic, and progressive disease occurring globally. Human TB is caused mainly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), while the main causative agent of bovine TB is Mycobacterium bovis (M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMagnetic resonance imaging findings in central nervous system tuberculosis: A pictorial review.
Heliyon
April 2024
Resident PGY-1 Pathology, Department of Pathology, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is a post-primary form of tuberculosis. It has high mortality and morbidity rates despite early diagnosis and treatment. CNS tuberculosis can manifest as subacute/chronic meningitis, parenchymal tuberculous lesions, and spinal tuberculosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMissed opportunities for Tuberculosis (TB) screening are key drivers of continued tuberculosis transmission. To determine the proportion of and factors associated with missing TB screening amongst patients who attended Bubulo and Butiru health facilities in the Manafwa district to inform future TB prevention and control efforts in Uganda. This was a facility-based, cross-sectional study with quantitative methods of data collection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCD4 T cells are homeostatic regulators during reinfection.
bioRxiv
December 2023
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA.
Article Synopsis
- Immunological priming from prior infections or vaccinations provides long-lasting protection against reinfection, but the specific changes in lung cell environments are not fully understood.
- In a study using non-human primates, it was found that depleting CD4 T cells before reinfection significantly weakens this protective response, highlighting their critical role.
- The research indicates that retaining CD4 T cells during reinfection leads to a milder lung inflammation and improved immune responses, suggesting new strategies for vaccines and treatments that enhance both T cell activity and innate immune responses to reduce disease severity.
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