Recording of the integrative electrical activity of the retina of the snail and electron microscopic study of its eye have shown the following. The electrical activity of the photoreceptors is a source of the retinogram (ERG) of the snail. ERG reaction form is characterized by two phases of a response: the initial spike and the following slow fading. For each given value of the photometric brightness of a light signal there exists a low limit of its length, beginning from which the ERG reaction of the snail assumes the form described. The value of the ERG response is a logarithmic function of brightness of the light stimulus.
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Sci Rep
January 2025
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Chiba, 270-1194, Japan.
Reconstructing the volcanic history of the Kikai caldera, a large active volcano that produced a ~ 160 km eruption at 7.3 ka off the southern coast of Kyushu Island (southwest Japan), is crucial to assess potential future volcanic hazards at both regional and global scales. However, revealing its volcanic history before the 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi
January 2025
Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
Objective: To summarize the latest research progress of graphene and its derivatives (GDs) in bone repair.
Methods: The relevant research literature at home and abroad in recent years was extensively accessed. The properties of GDs in bone repair materials, including mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and antibacterial properties, were systematically summarized, and the unique advantages of GDs in material preparation, functionalization, and application, as well as the contributions and challenges to bone tissue engineering, were discussed.
ACS Nano
January 2025
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China.
Electrocatalytic CO-to-CO conversion with a high CO Faradaic efficiency (FE) at low overpotentials and industrial-level current densities is highly desirable but a huge challenge over non-noble metal catalysts. Herein, graphitic N-rich porous carbons supporting atomically dispersed nickel (NiN-O sites with an axial oxygen) were synthesized (denoted as O-Ni-N-GC) and applied as the cathode catalyst in a CORR flow cell. O-Ni-N-GC showed excellent selectivity with a FE over 92% at low overpotentials ranging from 17 to 60 mV, and over 99% at 80 mV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Chem
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
The ligand-binding pocket of the androgen receptor (AR) is the targeting site of all clinically used AR antagonists. However, various drug-resistant mutations emerged in the pocket. We previously reported a new targeting site at the dimer interface of AR (dimer interface pocket) and identified a novel antagonist M17-B15 that failed in oral administration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Neurol
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China. Electronic address:
Depression is one of the most common non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) and the hyperactivity of the lateral habenula (LHb) may contribute to depression. The present study was performed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the LHb on PD-related depressive-like behaviors. Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) were used to establish the PD rat model.
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