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Contrasting drought sensitivity of Eurasian and North American grasslands.
Nature
January 2025
School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Extreme droughts generally decrease productivity in grassland ecosystems with negative consequences for nature's contribution to people. The extent to which this negative effect varies among grassland types and over time in response to multi-year extreme drought remains unclear. Here, using a coordinated distributed experiment that simulated four years of growing-season drought (around 66% rainfall reduction), we compared drought sensitivity within and among six representative grasslands spanning broad precipitation gradients in each of Eurasia and North America-two of the Northern Hemisphere's largest grass-dominated regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMemory responses to ovalbumin-immunization in Mojave desert tortoises.
Dev Comp Immunol
January 2025
Biology Department, University of Colorado - Pueblo, 2200 Bonforte Ave., Pueblo, CO 81001.
We immunized three groups of Mojave desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii): a group immunized twice, a group immunized once, and a group sham-immunized. We used the antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), with Freund's adjuvant to elicit antibody responses similar to those induced by extracellular bacteria. All tortoises have relatively high levels of B1 lymphocytes and natural antibodies (NAbs), and the goal of this study was to quantify B2 lymphocyte activity (antibody production and potential proliferation) that occurs in primary and secondary immunizations against this constitutive, first line of humoral defense.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSCoT and ISSR based conservation genetics of Calligonum polygonoides Linn.: An endangered species of Thar desert.
Gene
January 2025
Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India. Electronic address:
Calligonum polygonoides, an endangered species of desert due to poor regeneration and overexploitation, which requires immediate conservation attention. Genetic diversity analysis is crucial for effective conservation and management initiatives, for elite genotypes. Therefore, in the present study, SCoT (start codon target) and ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) markers were used to investigate the genetic variability in 120 individuals of Calligonum polygonoides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrecipitation changes reshape desert soil microbial community assembly and potential functions.
Environ Res
January 2025
Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Understanding the responses of desert microbial communities to escalating precipitation changes is a significant knowledge gap in predicting future soil health and ecological function. Through a five-year precipitation manipulation experiment, we investigated the contrasting eco-evolutionary processes of desert bacteria and fungi that manifested in changes to the assembly and potential functions of the soil microbiome. Elevated precipitation increased the alpha diversity and network complexity of bacteria and fungi, proportion of non-dominant phyla, and abundance of carbon- and nitrogen-fixing bacteria and saprophytic, symbiotic, and pathogenic fungi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA study on the optimal safety speed and warning sign distance for highways in windy and sandy environments based on driving behavior.
Traffic Inj Prev
January 2025
School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, NingXia University, YinChuan, China.
Objective: This study aims to address the issue of driving safety on highways in the desert region of Northwest China during extreme weather conditions such as sandstorms, with the goal of reducing driver risk. It explores driver behavior under extreme conditions of sandstorms and sand accumulation, proposing safety speed recommendations and warning models for different environments to calculate the optimal warning distance in windy and sandy conditions.
Methods: Natural driving simulation experiments were conducted in windy and sandy environments, collecting driving behavior data from 45 drivers under varying visibility and road conditions with or without sand accumulation.
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