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Clinical Characteristics, and Prevalence of Hepatic and Bone Mineral Density Abnormalities in Patients With Sheehan Syndrome: Data From a Tertiary Care Center.
Endocr Pract
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Objective: Sheehan syndrome (SS), or postpartum pituitary necrosis, occurs due to reduced vascular supply to pituitary gland after postpartum hemorrhage, often linked to coagulation abnormalities, and pituitary antibodies. A smaller sella turcica volume is a risk factor for SS, consequent to compressive effects on the pituitary stalk. Hypopituitarism in SS increases the risk of metabolic liver and bone diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistribution and calcium signaling function of somatostatin receptor subtypes in rat pituitary.
Cell Calcium
December 2024
Section on Cellular Signaling, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda. USA. Electronic address:
The somatostatin (SST) receptor family controls pituitary hormone secretion, but the distribution and specific roles of these receptors on the excitability and voltage-gated calcium signaling of hormone producing pituitary cells have not been fully characterized. Here we show that the rat pituitary gland expressed Sstr1, Sstr2, Sstr3, and Sstr5 receptor genes in a cell type-specific manner: Sstr1 and Sstr2 in thyrotrophs, Sstr3 in gonadotrophs and lactotrophs, Sstr2, Sstr3, and Sstr5 in somatotrophs, and none in corticotrophs and melanotrophs. Most gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs spontaneously fired high-amplitude single action potentials, which were silenced by SST without affecting intracellular calcium concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThyrotroph Hyperplasia Caused by Severe Primary Hypothyroidism Leading to Adrenal Crisis.
JCEM Case Rep
October 2024
Endocrine Department, King Saud Medical Complex, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia.
Article Synopsis
- Thyrotroph hyperplasia frequently goes undiagnosed in primary hypothyroidism but is reversible with thyroid replacement therapy.
- Imaging before biochemical tests can lead to unnecessary pituitary surgeries.
- A case study of a 30-year-old man illustrates how his thyrotroph hyperplasia and hypopituitarism improved with levothyroxine treatment; this will be discussed alongside current literature on the topic.
High-Grade Progression, Sarcomatous Transformation, and/or Metastasis of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (PitNENs): The UCSF Experience.
Endocr Pathol
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Metastatic Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) are rare and aggressive, making them difficult to treat; however, aggressive behavior is also observed in non-metastatic forms.
- A study at UCSF analyzed samples from multiple patients with different types of aggressive PitNETs, categorizing them according to international neuroendocrine neoplasm criteria and identifying various tumor lineages.
- High rates of disease progression and mortality were noted, along with concerning histopathological and molecular characteristics that could serve as indicators of tumor aggressiveness, suggesting a need for a new grading system.
The Association between Vitamin D Status and the Impact of Metformin on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis Activity in Women with Subclinical Hypothyroidism.
Pharmaceutics
August 2024
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland.
Metformin inhibits enhanced secretion of anterior pituitary hormones. Its impact on prolactin and gonadotropin concentrations is absent in individuals with hypovitaminosis D. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate whether vitamin D status determines the effect of metformin on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activity in levothyroxine-naïve women.
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