Brainstem auditory evoked responses were measured in 16 infants and children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in 9 normal infants and children. Two stimulation rates were used: a conventional rate of 10 Hz and a high rate of 50 Hz. Latencies of waves III, IV, and V on the left were significantly longer in the AIDS group when a stimulation rate of 10 Hz was used. With a higher stimulation rate of 50 Hz, significant differences between the two groups occurred in the latencies of waves I, III, and V bilaterally, but there were no significant differences in the interpeak latencies. A measure of the differential effect of the increasing stimulus rate on the two groups was significant for wave I latency and for I-III and I-V interpeak latencies on the left, revealing that increasing stimulation rate prolongs these measures more in the AIDS group. Increased brainstem auditory evoked response stimulation rate may unmask abnormalities in infants and children with AIDS that are not observed when the lower stimulation rate is used.
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