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Background: Cholinergic innervation is particularly vulnerable in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's diseases. Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a major role in the maintenance and function of cholinergic neurons, and a decrease in trophic signalling by NGF-Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) contributes to cholinergic and synaptic degeneration. E2511 is a novel small molecule TrkA biased positive allosteric modulator showing an increase in specific trophic signalling via direct binding to TrkA with a potential to recover and reinnervate damaged cholinergic neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArctic habitats are changing rapidly and altering trophic webs and ecosystem functioning. Understanding how species' abundances and distributions differ among Arctic habitats is important in predicting future species shifts and trophic-web consequences. We aimed to determine the habitat-abundance relationships for three small herbivores on the Seward Peninsula of Alaska, USA by fitting data from 983 point counts (collected during 2019, 2021, and 2022) with N-mixture models that account for imperfect detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrophic transfer of carbon-14 from algae to zebrafish leads to its blending in biomolecules and the dysregulation of metabolism via isotope effect.
Natl Sci Rev
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Carbon-14 (C-14) has been a major contributor to the human radioactive exposure dose, as it is released into the environment from the nuclear industry in larger quantities compared to other radionuclides. This most abundant nuclide enters the biosphere as organically bound C-14 (OBC-14), posing a potential threat to public health. Yet, it remains unknown how this relatively low radiotoxic nuclide induces health risks via chemical effects, such as isotope effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEutrophication triggered changes in network structure and fluxes of the Comacchio Lagoon (Italy).
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Coastal lagoons, which cover about 13% of coastline, are among the most productive ecosystems worldwide. However, they are subject to significant stressors, both natural and anthropogenic, which can alter ecosystem services and functioning and food web structure. In the Comacchio Lagoon (Northern Italy), eutrophication, among other minor factors, transformed the ecosystem in the early 1980s.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndothelial-secreted Endocan activates PDGFRA and regulates vascularity and spatial phenotype in glioblastoma.
Nat Commun
January 2025
The Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, The Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and The Broad Stem Cell Research Center, The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Extensive neovascularization is a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM). In addition to supplying oxygen and nutrients, vascular endothelial cells provide trophic support to GBM cells via paracrine signaling. Here we report that Endocan (ESM1), an endothelial-secreted proteoglycan, confers enhanced proliferative, migratory, and angiogenic properties to GBM cells and regulates their spatial identity.
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