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Implications of conflict on vaccination in the Sahel region.
BMJ Glob Health
January 2025
The University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
The Sahel region is a geographical belt in Africa that stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea, between the Sahara Desert in the north and the Savannah in the south. It is characterised by challenging environmental crises and conflicts. This analysis highlights the potential implications of conflict on vaccination across five Sahel countries, including Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Niger and Sudan, from 2019 to 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of RT-PCR Assays for Simple Detection and Identification of Sabin Virus Contaminants in the Novel Oral Poliovirus Vaccines.
Vaccines (Basel)
January 2025
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Background/objectives: Conventional live oral poliovirus vaccines (OPVs) effectively prevent poliomyelitis. These vaccines are derived from three attenuated Sabin strains of poliovirus, which can revert within the first week of replication to a neurovirulent phenotype, leading to sporadic cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) among vaccinees and their contacts. A novel OPV2 vaccine (nOPV2) with enhanced genetic stability was developed recently; type 1 and type 3 nOPV strains were engineered using the nOPV2 genome as a backbone by replacing the capsid precursor polyprotein (P1) with that of Sabin strains type 1 and type 3, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Safety evaluation of tetravalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine in combination with the inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine and diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine for infants].
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
January 2025
Immunization Program Institute of Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China.
To investigate the safety of the tetravalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MPCV-ACYW) in combination with the inactivated poliomyelitis (IPV) vaccine and diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine for infants aged 3-5 months and provide real-world evidence for the immunization strategy of vaccine combination. From June to October 2023, a total of 600 3-month-old infants were selected and divided into three groups: control group, mono-vaccination group and combined vaccination group. They were simultaneously or individually vaccinated with MPCV-ACYW, IPV and DTaP vaccines at 3, 4, and 5 months of age, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetection of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) in wastewater samples: a wake-up call, Finland, Germany, Poland, Spain, the United Kingdom, 2024.
Euro Surveill
January 2025
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), South Mimms (Potters Bar), United Kingdom.
In 2024, circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) was detected in wastewater samples in Finland, Germany, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom (UK). All strains were genetically linked, but sequence analysis showed high genetic diversity among the strains identified within individual wastewater sites and countries and an unexpected high genetic proximity among isolates from different countries. Taken together these results, with sequential samples having tested positive in various sites, a broader geographic distribution beyond positive sampling sites must be considered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommunity acceptance of services and effectiveness of health camps in high-risk areas of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, 2021.
Front Public Health
January 2025
Provincial Emergency Operation Center (PEOC), Government of Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan.
Introduction: Health camps are organized to provide basic health services in underprivileged communities. This study was conducted to determine community acceptance and effectiveness of health camps in the high-risk areas for the polio program in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted at the health campsites in high-risk union councils (HRUCs) of four districts of Karachi, Sindh.
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