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Computational Tools for the Analysis of Meiotic Prophase I Images.
Methods Mol Biol
August 2024
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
Prophase I is a remarkable stage of meiotic division during which homologous chromosomes pair together and exchange DNA by meiotic recombination. Fluorescence microscopy of meiotic chromosome spreads is a central tool in the study of this process, with chromosome axis proteins being visualized as extended filaments upon which recombination proteins localize in focal patterns.Chromosome pairing and recombination are dynamic processes, and hundreds of recombination foci can be present in some meiotic nuclei.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFstabilizes crossovers at high and low temperatures during wheat meiosis.
Front Plant Sci
August 2023
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
Effective chromosome synapsis and crossover formation during meiosis are essential for fertility, especially in grain crops such as wheat. These processes function most efficiently in wheat at temperatures between 17-23 °C, although the genetic mechanisms for such temperature dependence are unknown. In a previously identified mutant of the hexaploid wheat reference variety 'Chinese Spring' lacking the long arm of chromosome 5D, exposure to low temperatures during meiosis resulted in asynapsis and crossover failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTemperature sensitivity of DNA double-strand break repair underpins heat-induced meiotic failure in mouse spermatogenesis.
Commun Biol
May 2022
Division of Germ Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
Mammalian spermatogenesis is a heat-vulnerable process that occurs at low temperatures, and elevated testicular temperatures cause male infertility. However, the current reliance on in vivo assays limits their potential to detail temperature dependence and destructive processes. Using ex vivo cultures of mouse testis explants at different controlled temperatures, we found that spermatogenesis failed at multiple steps, showing sharp temperature dependencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHENMT1 is involved in the maintenance of normal female fertility in the mouse.
Mol Hum Reprod
November 2021
Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
PIWI-interacting small RNAs (piRNAs) maintain genome stability in animal germ cells, with a predominant role in silencing transposable elements. Mutations in the piRNA pathway in the mouse uniformly lead to failed spermatogenesis and male sterility. By contrast, mutant females are fertile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZoledronic acid induces cytogenetic toxicity in male germline cells of Swiss albino mice.
Drug Chem Toxicol
July 2019
a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Habsiguda , Hyderabad , India.
This study mainly focuses on the cytogenetic toxicity induction by zoledronic acid (ZA), a nitrogen containing bisphosphonate (N-BPs) in the male germline cells of Swiss albino mice. A single intraperitoneal exposure with three different doses of ZA (2, 4, and 8 mg/kg body weight), toxicity was assessed by analyzing spermatogonial metaphase chromosome aberrations at 24 h, aberrant primary spermatocytes at week 4, and abnormal spermatozoa at week 8 posttreatment. Cyclophosphamide (40 mg/kg) and 0.
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