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A unique substrate specificity of PonAAS2, an aromatic aldehyde synthase, involved in a phytohormone auxin biosynthesis in a gall-inducing sawfly Euura sp. "Pontania".
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem
January 2025
Advanced Analysis Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Japan.
The aromatic aldehyde synthase (AAS), PonAAS2, from the gall-inducing sawfly has been identified as a biosynthetic enzyme for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a key molecule of the plant hormone auxin, which is thought to play a role in gall induction. Unlike other insect AASs that convert Dopa, PonAAS2 uniquely converts L-tryptophan (Trp) into indole-3-acetaldehyde, a precursor of IAA. In this study, an examination of AAS enzymes from various insect species revealed that the ability to convert Trp has been acquired in only a very limited taxonomic group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe inductive effect does not explain electron density in haloacetates: are our textbooks wrong?
Chem Sci
December 2024
College of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia.
The inductive effect is a central concept in chemistry and is often exemplified by the p values of acetic acid derivatives. The reduction in p is canonically attributed to the reduction in the electron density of the carboxylate group through the inductive effect. However, wave functional theory calculations presented herein reveal that the charge density of the carboxylate group is not explained by the inductive effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlocking the Nucleophilic Functionalization Potential of a Natural Asphalt: Grafting a Pd(0)-Diethanolamine Complex as a Recyclable Catalyst for Upgrading Biaryl Synthesis.
Langmuir
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, P.O. Box 69315516, Ilam, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- This study presents a new method for upgrading natural asphalt into a catalyst through a process called metal-free sonobromination.
- The method involves creating a palladium complex on natural asphalt, which is then used as a recoverable catalyst in the Suzuki reaction for synthesizing biphenyl derivatives.
- The process is environmentally friendly, uses a green solvent, and showcases the potential for sustainable materials development from renewable resources.
Maximizing Collagen Yield from Underutilized Lumpfish () Skins by Optimizing Pre-Cleaning and Extraction Methods.
Mar Drugs
November 2024
Faculty of Natural Resource Sciences, University of Akureyri, 600 Akureyri, Iceland.
Female lumpfish () are a primary target of commercial fishery for their roe, a substitute for caviar. The remaining carcasses are underutilized rest raw material. The pre-treatment and acid extraction conditions of collagen from lumpfish skins were optimized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigating the optimistic and therapeutic effects of wild grape: R. Parker.
Heliyon
December 2024
Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 16 Antwerp, Belgium.
R. Parker is a wild grape traditionally used by indigenous people as a substitute for cultivated grapes. However, its therapeutic effects have not been extensively studied.
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