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Stay connected: The myoendothelial junction proteins in vascular function and dysfunction.
Vascul Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy. Electronic address:
The appropriate regulation of peripheral vascular tone is crucial for maintaining tissue perfusion. Myoendothelial junctions (MEJs), specialized connections between endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, are primarily located in peripheral resistance vessels. Therefore, these junctions, with their key membrane proteins, play a pivotal role in the physiological control of relaxation-contraction coupling in resistance arterioles, mainly mediated through endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndothelium-derived 6-nitrodopamine is the major mechanism by which nitric oxide relaxes the rabbit isolated aorta.
Front Pharmacol
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
6-Nitrodopamine (6-ND) is the predominant catecholamine released from isolated vascular tissues in both mammals and reptiles, with its release being significantly reduced by the NO synthesis inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). The vasorelaxation induced by 6-ND is unaffected by either L-NAME or the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor, ODQ, indicating an alternative mechanism of action. The vasorelaxant effect appears to be mediated through selective antagonism of dopamine D receptors rather than traditional nitric oxide (NO)-mediated pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe previously demonstrated that the NO-receptor soluble guanylyl cyclase (GC1) has the ability to transnitrosate other proteins in a reaction that involves, in some cases, oxidized Thioredoxin 1 (oTrx1). This transnitrosation cascade was established and we identified by mass spectrometry and mutational analysis Cys 610 (C610) of GC1 α-subunit as a major donor of S-nitrosothiols (SNO). To assay the relevance of GC1 transnitrosation under physiological conditions and in oxidative pathologies, we studied a knock-in mouse in which C610 was replaced with a serine (KI αC ) under basal or angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly vascular aging in chronic kidney disease: focus on microvascular maintenance, senescence signature and potential therapeutics.
Transl Res
January 2025
Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. We hypothesized that a senescent phenotype instigated by uremic toxins could account for early vascular aging (EVA) and vascular dysfunctions of microvasculature in end stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients which ultimately lead to increased cardiovascular complication. To test this hypothesis, we utilized both in vivo, and ex vivo approaches to study endothelial and smooth muscle function and structure, and characterized markers related to EVA in 82 ESKD patients (eGFR <15 ml/min) and 70 non-CKD controls.
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