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Nesfatin-1 as a crucial mediator of glucose homeostasis in the reptile, Hemidactylus flaviviridis.
Sci Rep
December 2024
University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, India.
Nesfatin-1 is a crucial regulator of energy homeostasis in mammals and fishes, however, its metabolic role remains completely unexplored in amphibians, reptiles, and birds. Therefore, present study elucidates role of nesfatin-1 in glucose homeostasis in wall lizard wherein fasting stimulated hepatic nucb2/nesfatin-1, glycogen phosphorylase (glyp), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck), and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (fbp), while feeding upregulated pancreatic nucb2/nesfatin-1 and insulin, suggesting towards tissue-specific dual role of nesfatin-1 in glucoregulation. The glycogenolytic/gluconeogenic role of nesfatin-1 was further confirmed by an increase in media glucose levels along with heightened hepatic pepck and fbp expression and concomitant decline in liver glycogen content in nesfatin-1-treated liver of wall lizard.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA physiologic increase in brain glucagon action alters the hepatic gluconeogenic/glycogenolytic ratio but not glucagon's overall effect on glucose production.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
February 2023
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
It has been proposed that brain glucagon action inhibits glucagon-stimulated hepatic glucose production (HGP), which may explain, at least in part, why glucagon's effect on HGP is transient. However, the pharmacologic off-target effects of glucagon in the brain may have been responsible for previously observed effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if central glucagon action plays a physiologic role in the regulation of HGP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Spatial Model of Hepatic Calcium Signaling and Glucose Metabolism Under Autonomic Control Reveals Functional Consequences of Varying Liver Innervation Patterns Across Species.
Front Physiol
November 2021
Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Rapid breakdown of hepatic glycogen stores into glucose plays an important role during intense physical exercise to maintain systemic euglycemia. Hepatic glycogenolysis is governed by several different liver-intrinsic and systemic factors such as hepatic zonation, circulating catecholamines, hepatocellular calcium signaling, hepatic neuroanatomy, and the central nervous system (CNS). Of the factors regulating hepatic glycogenolysis, the extent of lobular innervation varies significantly between humans and rodents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpinephrine and glucose regulation of leptin synthesis and secretion in a teleost fish, the tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus).
Gen Comp Endocrinol
February 2021
North Carolina State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. Electronic address:
Acute stress is regulated through the sympathetic adrenergic axis where catecholamines mobilize energy stores including carbohydrates as a principal element of the endocrine stress response. Leptin is a cytokine critical for regulating energy expenditure in vertebrates and is stimulated by various stressors in fish such as fasting, hyperosmotic challenge, and hypoxia. However, little is known about the regulatory interactions between leptin and the endocrine stress axis in fishes and other ectothermic vertebrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndurance and Brain Glycogen: A Clue Toward Understanding Central Fatigue.
Adv Neurobiol
December 2019
Sport Neuroscience Division, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Brain glycogen stored in astrocytes produces lactate as a neuronal energy source transported by monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) to maintain neuronal functions, such as hippocampus-regulated memory formation. Although exercise activates brain neurons, the role of astrocytic glycogen in the brain during exercise remains unknown. Since muscle glycogen fuels active muscles during exercise, we hypothesized that astrocytic glycogen plays an energetic role in the brain during exercise to maintain endurance capacity through lactate transport.
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