The diffusion constants of iodide through dentine membranes were determined. The DI-values were within the range generally obtained by other investigators. When the estimation of the diffusion coefficient through a well defined polycarbonate membrane was calculated the value was strongly affected by the diffusion through the unstirred diffusion layer. By using such an experimental approach it seems necessary to develop a new cell equipped with a double stirring system (one in each compartment) in order to reduce strongly the thickness of the unstirred diffusion layer.
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Int J Pharm
January 2025
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio, 6/1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Sem Saelands vei 3, 0371 Oslo, Norway.
The use of in vitro markers able to reproduce the in vivo permeability and diffusivity of orally administered drugs, could represent an innovative starting point for the formulation of delivery systems, in particular for low soluble and low permeable drugs belonging to BCS class II and IV. Considering the great interest in the green pharmaceutical approaches and the increasing use of natural molecules as novel therapeutic drugs, in this study, rutin, hesperidin and curcumin have been selected as lipophilic model drugs to investigate their possible enhancement of their permeability and bioavailability after oral administration. As the low solubility of the three drugs hinders their application, β-cyclodextrins (CD), amphiphilic natural moieties able to form stable inclusion complexes, have been considered to promote their solubilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
January 2025
Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
Chemical waves represent one of the fundamental behaviors that emerge in nonlinear, out-of-equilibrium chemical systems. They also play a central role in regulating behaviors and development of biological organisms. Nevertheless, understanding their properties and achieving their rational synthesis remains challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
December 2024
College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei, China. Electronic address:
Food-derived peptides (FPs) are bioactive molecules produced from dietary proteins through enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation. These peptides exhibit various biological activities. However, their efficacy largely depends on bioavailability, the ability to cross absorption barriers, and reach target sites within the body.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Pharm
November 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3092, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.
The particle drifting effect, where nanosized colloidal drug particles overcome the diffusional resistance of the aqueous boundary layer adjacent to the intestinal wall and increase drug absorption rates, is drawing increasing attention in pharmaceutical research. However, mechanistic understanding and accurate prediction of the particle drifting effect remain lacking. In this study, we systematically evaluated the extent of the particle drifting effect affected by drug and colloidal properties, including the size, number, and type of the moving species using biphasic diffusion experiments combined with computational fluid dynamics simulations and mass transport analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Sci
January 2025
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of amorphous solubility and colloidal drug-rich droplets on drug absorption. The amorphous solubility of cilnidipine (CND) in AS-HF grade of hypromellose acetate succinate (HPMC-AS) solution was significantly reduced compared to that in non-polymer solution due to AS-HF partitioning into the CND-rich phase. In contrast, AS-LF grade of HPMC-AS has minimal effect on the amorphous solubility.
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