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Role of mouse adenovirus type 1 E4orf6-induced degradation of protein kinase R in pathogenesis.
J Virol
December 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Protein kinase R (PKR) is an interferon-induced antiviral protein activated by autophosphorylation in response to double strand DNA (dsRNA) and other stimuli. Activated PKR causes translation inhibition and apoptosis, and it contributes to proinflammatory responses, cell growth, and differentiation. Mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) counteracts PKR by causing its degradation via a viral protein, early region 4 open reading frame 6 (E4orf6).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEngineered as Oral Probiotics To Enhance Clearance of Blood Lactate.
ACS Synth Biol
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Elevated lactate levels are linked to serious health issues, including sepsis and mitochondrial dysfunction, and poor lactate clearance can lead to worse outcomes in these conditions.
- Current methods for managing elevated lactate are limited, but recent findings highlight the gut's role in lactate regulation, suggesting a potential link between gut bacteria and blood lactate levels.
- This study presents a promising approach using engineered probiotic spores to deliver lactate oxidase to the gut, which successfully lowers blood lactate in mice without harming gut health or immune function.
DNA damage-induced AIM2 pyroptosis in high glucose-induced proximal tubular epithelial cell.
Front Cell Dev Biol
November 2024
School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Pyroptosis is one of the ways to cause proximal tubular epithelial cell death in diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the exact mechanism remains unclear. Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), a sensor for double-stranded DNA, creates an inflammasome that triggers the cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD), leading to a type of inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis. This study investigated the role of AIM2 in pyroptosis within proximal tubular epithelial cells in DN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoxO1 regulates human haematopoietic stem cells self-renewal and engraftment.
Mol Biol Rep
November 2024
Department of Hematology, Xiangshan First People's Hospital Medical Health Group, Ningbo, 315700, China.
Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is one of the most effective ways to treat hematological malignant diseases, but the traditional culture of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro will soon lose their ability to self-renewal or differentiate into multilineage blood cells.
Methods: To determine whether Forkhead boxO1 (FoxO1) is implicated in the development of HSCs, lentiviral vectors expressing knockdown (KD) or overexpression (OE) of FoxO1 were utilized in fetal liver-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (FL-HSPCs). The impacts on the proliferation and hematopoietic differentiation of FL-HSPCs were subsequently evaluated via flow cytometry (FCM).
Efficient CRISPR/Cas9 Knock-in Approaches for Manipulation of Endogenous Genes in Human B Lymphoma Cells.
Curr Protoc
November 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Article Synopsis
- Traditional overexpression techniques struggle to accurately analyze protein-protein interactions and expression in B lymphocytes due to their resistance to lipid transfection.
- The article discusses advanced CRISPR/Cas9 knock-in methods that increase efficiency in tagging endogenous proteins, along with protocols for optimizing cutting efficiency and sgRNA selection.
- Detailed methodologies for engineering B lymphoma cells are provided, including assessing editing efficiency, designing repair templates, electroporation, and selecting engineered cells, enabling broader application in other cell types.
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