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Exploring Aquaporins in Human Studies: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential in Critical Illness.
Life (Basel)
December 2024
First Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece.
Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane proteins facilitating water and other small solutes to be transported across cell membranes. They are crucial in maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating water permeability in various tissues. Moreover, they regulate cell migration, signaling pathways, inflammation, tumor growth, and metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTen-year trends in clinical characteristics and outcome of children hospitalized with severe wasting or nutritional edema in Malawi (2011-2021): Declining admissions but worsened clinical profiles.
PLoS One
December 2024
The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, Nairobi, Kenya.
Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) constitutes a substantial burden in African hospitals. Despite adhering to international guidelines, high inpatient mortality rates persist and the underlying contributing factors remain poorly understood.
Objective: We evaluated the 10-year trend (2011-2021) in clinical factors and outcomes among children with severe wasting and/or nutritional edema at Malawi's largest nutritional rehabilitation unit (NRU).
Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia Due to PIEZO1 Red Blood Cell Membrane Defect.
Hemoglobin
September 2024
Department of Hematology, Hospital "Mitera" of Athens Greece, Attica, Greece.
PIEZO1 (piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1) is a mechanosensitive ion channel protein. Gain-of-function variants in the gene are known to cause dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHS) also termed hereditary xerocytosis. This is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by variable-degree anemia with a tendency toward hemolysis, erythrocyte dehydration and iron overload.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFATAL CEREBRAL TRANSVERSE VENOUS THROMBOSIS IN AN ADOLESCENT MALE: A CASE OF DELAYED PRESENTATION.
West Afr J Med
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia. Email:
Introduction/background: Venous sinus thrombosis hypercoagulable states leads to delayed drainage of blood from the brain; consequently, resulting in cerebral oedema, raised intracranial pressure, or stroke. Causes are variable, including severe dehydration, infections, cancers, sinusitis, and brain surgery. The commonest symptoms are headache, seizures, and unconsciousness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly expression of neuroinflammation in an untreated fatal case of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Arch Endocrinol Metab
November 2024
University of North Carolina Division of Pediatric Endocrinology Chapel HillNC United States Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC.
Article Synopsis
- A case study analyzes a young adult who experienced lethargy and weight loss before dying, with signs suggesting worsening metabolic health over time.
- This research is the first to examine human brain tissue from a type 1 diabetes patient experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) before treatment, comparing it to a treated patient of similar demographics.
- Results indicate neuroinflammatory markers were lower in the untreated DKA brain; dehydration may reduce inflammation, while rehydration might increase it, highlighting potential therapeutic avenues to combat neuroinflammation and related cognitive issues.
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