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Comparing the incidence of hypospadias across the United States: A contemporary analysis.
J Pediatr Urol
January 2025
Division of Urology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Introduction: Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation occurring in up to 80 in 10,00 live male births, with emerging evidence associating exogenous environmental exposures with increased disease incidence. Military personnel are at particularly higher risk for such exposures and indeed, the rate of hypospadias in infant males born to United States military servicewomen deployed during the Gulf War has been reported to be more than 5 times greater compared to undeployed female military personnel.
Objective: To characterize contemporary trends in hypospadias incidence in the general population as well as high risk groups such as males born from US servicewomen using the National Birth Defects Prevention Network.
The Role of Machine Learning Approaches in Pediatric Oncology: A Systematic Review.
Cureus
January 2025
General Practice, Wad Medani Hospital, Wad Medani, SDN.
To enhance patient outcomes in pediatric cancer, a better understanding of the medical and biological risk variables is required. With the growing amount of data accessible to research in pediatric cancer, machine learning (ML) is a form of algorithmic inference from sophisticated statistical techniques. In addition to highlighting developments and prospects in the field, the objective of this systematic study was to methodically describe the state of ML in pediatric oncology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCongenital Heart Disease Surgery in Low-Resource Settings: Quality Improvement Is Key.
JACC Adv
December 2024
Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Adolescence Does Not Divert Sex Offending Adolescents of Color from Criminal Legal System Involvement.
Child Maltreat
January 2025
Evansville, IN, USA.
After the United States Civil War, during Reconstruction, Southern states targeted Black youth and men for incarceration and forced labor, often charging them with rape, spawning the Black male rapist myth. This study explores evidence of a Reconstruction-era ethos in present-day treatment of youth of color accused of sexual assault. Specifically, we examined effects of perpetrator age and race on legal outcomes in 382 alleged child sexual abuse cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNearby armed conflict affects girls' education in Africa.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Statistics, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.
Female education is a crucial input to women's agency and empowerment, and has wide-ranging impacts, from improved labor market outcomes to reducing child mortality. Existing gender-specific evidence on the effect of armed conflict on education is conflict-specific and mixed. We link granular data on conflict events to georeferenced survey data on educational attainment from 28 countries in Africa, and use a regression-based approach to estimate the local effect of conflict exposure on female years of schooling.
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