Status epilepticus in Hong Kong Chinese: aetiology, outcome and predictors of death and morbidity.

The majority of patients with epilepsy live in developing countries but there is limited information on status epilepticus (SE) from these regions. We evaluated the clinical profile and predictors of poor outcome in a group of Chinese patients with SE. Patients with SE were ascertained from the medical, intensive care and emergency departments of a large urban hospital from 1996 to 2001. Factors for poor outcome, defined as death or morbidity as measured by deterioration in functional status using the Glasgow Outcome Score were analysed in a multivariate logistic regression model. A total of 107 episodes of SE occurring in Chinese patients were studied. The three most common underlying causes were cerebrovascular disease, metabolic derangement and anti-convulsant withdrawal but alcohol-related SE was infrequent. Twenty-six percent had worsened functional ability and the mortality rate was 16%. Predictors of poor outcome were older age (odds ratio (OR)=1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07), delay in treatment (OR=3.52, 95%CI 1.01-12.18), SE due to cerebrovascular disease (OR=9.73, 95% CI 1.58-59.96) and CNS infection (OR=30.27, 95% CI 3.14-292.19).