The aim of this review is to discuss the biological basis for the pharmacotherapy of violence in adolescents. The current and updated views on the etiology, biochemistry and neuroanatomy of violence in youth are presented. Concepts in the treatment and the pharmacological agents that are used both in short and long term are discussed and we conclude with some of recent findings in the exciting field of genetics of violence. The review emphasizes that treatment should always combine a socio-psycho-biological and multi-disciplinary approach, because any single treatment for violence cannot stands on its own.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh.2003.15.3.191 | DOI Listing |
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
October 2022
Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, 427-451 Burwood Road, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia.
The relationship between amphetamine use and aggressive or violent behaviour is unclear. This review examined laboratory data collected in humans, who were administered an acute dose of amphetamine or methamphetamine, in order to investigate the link between amphetamines and aggression. It is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019127711).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Psychiatry
January 2023
Forensic Psychiatry, NHS State Hospitals Board for Scotland, UK; and Division of Psychiatry, The University of Edinburgh, UK.
Background: Research has shown that 20-30% of prisoners meet the diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate reduces ADHD symptoms, but effects in prisoners are uncertain because of comorbid mental health and substance use disorders.
Aims: To estimate the efficacy of an osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-methylphenidate) in reducing ADHD symptoms in young adult prisoners with ADHD.
J Pineal Res
May 2022
Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
The melatonin system and circadian disruption have well-established links with aggressive behaviors; however, the biological underpinnings have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we aimed at examining the current knowledge regarding the neurobiological and psychopharmacological involvement of the melatonin system in aggressive/violent behaviors. To this end, we performed a systematic review on Embase and Pubmed/MEDLINE of preclinical and clinical evidence linking the melatonin system, melatonin, and melatoninergic drugs with aggressive/violent behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
March 2020
Psychobiology Department, University of València, Blasco Ibañez Avenue 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
The field of neurocriminology has proposed several treatments (e.g., pharmacological, brain surgery, androgen-deprivation therapy, neurofeedback) to reduce violence proneness, but unfortunately, their effectiveness has been limited due to their side-effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCNS Spectr
October 2019
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Department of Psychiatry, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Italy.
Objective: Psychiatric disorders are often considered the leading cause of violence. This may be due to a stereotype created by media and general opinion.
Method: The Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) was used to evaluate the severity of aggressive and violent behaviors in 400 patients who attended a post-acute psychiatric service in Milan from 2014 to 2016 and suffered from different psychiatric disorders.
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