The Food Guide Pyramid is designed to help Americans make healthful food choices. Whereas national data have been collected to examine adherence to the pyramid recommendations in whites, African-Americans, and Latinos, there are virtually no data available for Japanese Americans or Native Hawaiians. Here we present data on intakes of the Food Guide Pyramid food groups (as servings per day) as well as of the components of the pyramid tip (discretionary fat, added sugar, and alcohol) in these ethnic groups and examine adherence to each of the food group recommendations. Degree of adherence to the fruit group recommendation was similar among the ethnic groups and energy-intake categories, but adherence to the other recommendations was greatest for those consuming more than 2,800 kilocalories per day. However, subjects in this energy-intake group also consumed more than three times as much discretionary fat, added sugar, and alcohol.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(03)00981-7 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
The transition from secondary school to college or university is a well-known and well-studied risk period for weight and/or fat gain and not meeting the dietary recommendations. Higher education acts as a promising setting to implement nutrition interventions. An important condition for intervention success is that interventions are implemented as intended by the protocol and integrated in the institutional policy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
The CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 derived from prokaryotes is used as a genome editing, which targets specific genomic loci by single guide RNAs (sgRNAs). The eukaryotes, the target of genome editing, store their genome DNA in chromatin, in which the nucleosome is a basic unit. Despite previous structural analyses focusing on Cas9 cleaving free DNA, structural insights into Cas9 targeting of DNA within nucleosomes are limited, leading to uncertainties in understanding how Cas9 operates in the eukaryotic genome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
Background: To compare the impact of two different lipid emulsions, specifically a soybean oil-based emulsion and a multiple oil emulsion (soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive oil, and fish oil, SMOF), on serum metabolites of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants using untargeted metabolomics analysis.
Methods: A comparative study was conducted on 25 VLBW infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) of Hangzhou Women's Hospital in 2023. The infants were divided into the SMOF group (13 cases) and the soybean oil group (12 cases) based on the type of lipid emulsion used during parenteral nutrition.
Sci Rep
December 2024
School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China.
Microtextured microneedles are tiny needle-like structures with micron-scale microtextures, and the drugs stored in the microtextures can be released after entering the skin to achieve the effect of precise drug delivery. In this study, the skin substitution model of Ogden's hyperelastic model and the microneedle array and microtexture models with different geometrical parameters were selected to simulate and analyse the flow of the microtexture microneedle arrays penetrating the skin by the finite-element method, and the length of the microneedles was determined to be 200 μm, the width 160 μm, and the value of the gaps was determined to be 420 μm. A four-pronged cone was chosen as the shape of microneedles, and a rectangle was chosen as the shape of the drug-carrying microneedle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Microbiol
December 2024
Departments of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P. R. China.
Background: Evidence has revealed that oestrogen deprivation-induced osteolysis is microbiota-dependent and can be treated by probiotics. However, the underlying mechanism require further investigation. This study aims to provide additional evidence supporting the use of probiotics as an adjuvant treatment and to explore the pathophysiology of oestrogen-deprived osteolysis.
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