Introduction: Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator of both physiological and pathological responses. Its dual role in the ischemia-reperfusion syndrome is still a matter of controversy. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of NO on apoptosis and cell necrosis associated with heterotopic small bowel transplant.
Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats underwent heterotopic small bowel transplants with 3 hours of cold ischemia and 5 hours of reperfusion. Animals were assigned to the following study groups: Sham; bowel transplant (Trp); bowel transplant + NO donor (Trp + NONOS); bowel transplant + NO synthesis inhibitor (Trp + L-NAME). We studied histological changes and bacterial translocation in mesenteric nodes, liver and spleen as parameters of cell necrosis and caspase-3 activity as a parameter of apoptosis.
Results: Histological changes and bacterial translocation showed that exogenous administration of NO protected the transplant. Simple bowel transplant, with or without inhibition of NO synthesis, did not display this protective effect. Significantly greater levels of apoptosis were observe in grafts among the group administered NO at pharmacological doses.
Conclusions: In experimental bowel transplantation rats administered exogenous NO show less necrosis but at the same time stimulation of apoptosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-1345(03)00729-2 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
The identification of immune environments and cellular interactions in the colon microenvironment is essential for understanding the mechanisms of chronic inflammatory disease. Despite occurring in the same organ, there is a significant gap in understanding the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis (UC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Our study aims to address the distinct immunopathological response of UC and CRC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Department of Medicine and Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
The role of the immune system in regulating tissue stem cells remains poorly understood, as does the relationship between immune-mediated tissue damage and regeneration. Graft vs. host disease (GVHD) occurring after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) involves immune-mediated damage to the intestinal epithelium and its stem cell compartment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
November 2024
Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
This study aimed to analyze the homology between carbapenem-resistant organisms (CRO) intestinal colonization strains and bloodstream infection (BSI) strains in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), confirming the clinical use of the real-time rectal swab Xpert Carba-R assay, and investigate its feasibility in early warning of BSI. Drug-resistant strains obtained from rectal swabs and blood culture samples of patients undergoing the same HSCT from January 2021 to December 2021 were collected and analyzed. The homology of the CRO intestinal colonization and BSI strains was confirmed using strain identification, antimicrobial resistance phenotyping, whole genome sequencing (WGS), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and carbapenemase type identification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Endosc
January 2025
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Background/aims: Optimization of bowel preparation for small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) is debated. Guidelines recommend 2 L of iso-osmolar polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve SBCE visibility. We compared the efficacy of the standard 2 L PEG solution with a 1 L PEG plus ascorbate (PEG-ASC) preparation, which has already been established for large-bowel preparation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Nutr
December 2024
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Cincinnati Center of Excellence for Intestinal Rehabilitation (CinCEIR), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) represent one of the most common and serious complications in children with intestinal failure (IF). This study aimed to assess if there is an association between the use of enteral devices (feeding tubes and stomas) with rate of CLABSI after adjusting for clinically relevant factors. Second, association between enteral devices with time to first CLABSI event was evaluated.
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