When injected electrons in a quantum well first experience an intersubband relaxation process before their escaping by tunneling through a double-barrier structure behind, the magnetic suppression of intersubband LO or LA phonon scattering can give rise to a noticeable nonthermal occupation in higher-lying subbands. That is clearly verified by the relative intensity ratio of the interband photoluminescence spectra for E2-HH1 and E1-HH1 transitions. The observed phenomenon may provide an effective method for controlling intersubband scattering rate, a central issue in so-called quantum cascade lasers, and facilitating the population inversion between subbands in quantum wells.
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Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
July 2024
Department of Radiobiology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic. Electronic address:
Human exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) is restricted to prevent thermal effects in the tissue. However, at very low intensity exposure "non-thermal" biological effects, like oxidative stress, DNA or chromosomal aberrations, etc. collectively termed genomic-instability can occur after few hours.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
May 2024
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
We describe a method to compute photon-matter interaction and atomic dynamics with x-ray lasers using a hybrid code based on classical molecular dynamics and collisional-radiative calculations. The forces between the atoms are dynamically determined based on changes to their electronic occupations and the formation of a free electron cloud created from the irradiation of photons in the x-ray spectrum. The rapid transition from neutral solid matter to dense plasma phase allows the use of screened potentials, reducing the number of non-bonded interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
April 2024
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai institute of pollution control and ecological security, Shanghai 200092, China. Electronic address:
Non-thermal plasma emerges as a promising technology for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) decomposition due to its notable efficacy and environmentally friendly characteristics. In this study, we demonstrated the efficacy of a falling film dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) system for the removal of 10 PFAS, including perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs) and hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO) oligomer acids. Results showed that compounds with fluoroalkyl chain length>4 were effectively decomposed within 100 min, with long-chain PFAS demonstrating more pronounced removal performance than their short-chain analogues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2024
Social Determinants of Health Research Center (SDHRC), Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) as a priority and hazardous pollutant, is widely used in industrial and military activities. In this study the synergistic effect of Fe-RGO-BiVO nanocomposite in a non-thermal dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor (NTP-DBD) for degrading 2,4-DNT was evaluated. Preparation of the Fe-RGO-BiVO nanocomposite was done by a stepwise chemical method depositing Fe and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on BiVO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
July 2023
State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
This Perspective focuses on recent advances in understanding ultrafast processes involved in photoinduced structural phase transitions and proposes a strategy for precise manipulation of such transitions. It has been demonstrated that photoexcited carriers occupying empty antibonding or bonding states generate atomic driving forces that lead to either stretching or shortening of associated bonds, which in turn induce collective and coherent motions of atoms and yield structural transitions. For instance, phase transitions in IrTe and VO, and nonthermal melting in Si, can be explained by the occupation of specific local bonding or antibonding states during laser excitation.
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