The mechanism of specific acid-catalyzed glycosidic bond formation between methanol and alpha-d-glucopyranoside in aqueous solution at 300 K was studied using Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics. The reaction was found to proceed through a non-solvent equilibrated oxocarbenium cation intermediate characterized by the loss of a hydrogen-bonding interaction between the ring oxygen and solvating water. The mechanism, which was found to be D(N)A(N) in nature, is discussed in detail.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja035600n | DOI Listing |
Molecules
January 2025
Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are widely occurring secondary metabolites of medicinal plants with interesting biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antiviral, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, etc. They are characterized by a structural core formed by a phenethyl alcohol, usually tyrosol or hydroxytyrosol, attached to β-D-glucopyranose via a glycosidic bond. This core is usually further decorated by attached phenolic acids or another saccharide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
January 2025
Department of Food Plant Chemistry and Processing, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
In this study, the effectiveness of three choline chloride (ChCl)-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) formed using malonic acid (MalA), glycerol (Gly), and glucose (Glu) as hydrogen bond donors and two conventional solvents (50% methanol and 50% ethanol) for ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidant compounds from four herbs (chamomile, lemon balm, nettle, and spearmint) were estimated. The antioxidant capacity (AC) of the obtained herb extracts was determined by the modified 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods. Profiles of phenolic acids, flavonoid aglycones, and flavonoid glycosides in the green and conventional herb extracts were quantitatively analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Nanjing University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 163 Xianlin Avenu, 210023, Nanjing, CHINA.
Glycans, unlike uniformly charged DNA and compositionally diverse peptides, are typically uncharged and exhibit rich stereoisomeric diversity in the glycosidic bonds between two monosaccharide units. This heterogeneity of charge and the structural complexity present significant challenges for accurate analysis. Herein, we developed a novel single-molecule oligosaccharide sensor, OmpF nanopore.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Specific Resource Pharmaceutical Transformation, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China. Electronic address:
Objective: To investigate the physicochemical properties, structural characteristics and in vitro activities of Shancigu polysaccharides to identify the authenticity of Shancigu, safeguard its medicinal value, and ensure the safety of its market distribution.
Methods: Eleven polysaccharides from different sources of Shancigu were obtained using water extraction and alcohol precipitation. Physicochemical properties were determined using colorimetry.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
The Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
De novo RNA-sequencing of Wolfiporia cocos mycelia cultured with filter paper composed of cellulose as the sole carbon source revealed a total of five expressed β-glucosidase genes. Among these, the β-glucosidase named Wcbg1B-1, which is composed of 539 amino acid residues and belongs to the GH1 family, had the highest mRNA abundance, accounting for 65 % of the total mRNA of the five expressed β-glucosidases. The recombinant Wcbg1B-1 was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, with an optimal pH of 6.
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