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Scalable information extraction from free text electronic health records using large language models.
BMC Med Res Methodol
January 2025
Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1620 Tremont Street, Suite 3030-R, Boston, MA, 02120, USA.
Background: A vast amount of potentially useful information such as description of patient symptoms, family, and social history is recorded as free-text notes in electronic health records (EHRs) but is difficult to reliably extract at scale, limiting their utility in research. This study aims to assess whether an "out of the box" implementation of open-source large language models (LLMs) without any fine-tuning can accurately extract social determinants of health (SDoH) data from free-text clinical notes.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using EHR data from the Mass General Brigham (MGB) system, analyzing free-text notes for SDoH information.
Prioritizing Brain Health in Youth: Bringing Neuroscience to Society and Informing Policy, Lessons Learnt from the European Brain Council Expert Meeting Held at the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies Forum 2024.
Eur J Neurosci
January 2025
European Brain Council, Brussels, Belgium.
Good brain health plays a significant role in an individual's well-being and profoundly impacts the collective economy and society. Brain development does not stop at birth, and some aspects continue throughout childhood and adolescence, allowing the full development of cognitive functions. Different determinants related to physical health, healthy environments, safety and security, life-long learning and social connection as well as access to quality services influence the way our brains develop, adapt and respond to stress and adversity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch on the impact of urban innovation on public health.
Front Public Health
January 2025
School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
Introduction: This article explores the impact of innovation on urban public health, with a particular focus on panel data from 15 sub-provincial cities in China. The study aims to provide scientific evidence for policymakers by analyzing how technological innovation affects urban public health levels.
Methods: The study used a panel model for empirical analysis which based on panel data from 15 sub provincial cities across the country, using the number of doctors per 10,000 people and per capita financial medical and health expenditure as proxy variables for urban public health, and using the level of technological development as the core explanatory variable for regression analysis.
Academic Detailing Interventions and Evidence-Based Prescribing: A Systematic Review.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Importance: Academic detailing (interactive educational outreach) is a widely used strategy to encourage evidence-based prescribing by clinicians.
Objective: To evaluate academic detailing programs targeted at improving prescribing behavior and describe program aspects associated with positive outcomes.
Evidence Review: A systematic search of MEDLINE from April 1, 2007, through December 31, 2022, was performed for randomized trials and nonrandomized studies of academic detailing interventions to improve prescribing.
Revising EU pharmaceutical legislation: will it foster drug repurposing?
Drug Discov Today
January 2025
Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Medical Technology Assessment (KEMTA), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; REPO4EU consortium.
Repurposing off-patent drugs can be a potential source of low-cost treatments for patients with unmet medical needs. Here, we review the proposed new European Union (EU) pharmaceutical legislation in which two articles address drug repurposing. We find certain barriers hindering the adoption of these new incentives by academic and not-for-profit stakeholders, including lack of knowledge on regulatory aspects, pharmacovigilance, and restrictions in data protection.
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