Reperfusion syndrome during liver transplantation and anaphylaxis are clinical syndromes that share similarities in physiological responses. The liver and intestine contain a variety of immunologically active cells, including mast cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility that mast-cell degranulation occurs routinely during transplantation and thereby contributes to hemodynamic instability and coagulopathy. Beta tryptase, an enzyme released by mast cells during degranulation, is a reliable marker for mast-cell-mediated events. Six patients undergoing liver transplantation had beta tryptase levels assayed in blood immediately before and after reperfusion of the liver. No patient showed an increase in beta tryptase levels at 15 or 60 minutes after reperfusion. In conclusion, it is unlikely that clinically significant mast-cell degranulation occurs routinely in patients undergoing liver transplantation.
Objective: To investigate whether cardiac mast cells (MCs) participate in pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy through the regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4).
Methods: Pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy was induced via abdominal aortic constriction (AAC). Myocardial hypertrophy was evaluated by measuring the heart weight index (HW/BW), lung weight index (LW/BW), ratio of heart weight to tibia length (HW/TL), ratio of lung weight to tibia length (LW/TL), and cross-sectional area of myocardial cells.
Background: Anaphylaxis is a systemic allergic reaction that is potentially life-threatening. Occupational anaphylaxis is an anaphylaxis that occurs in an occupational context. In this position paper, we propose diagnostic criteria for occupational anaphylaxis and provide an overview of the current state of knowledge in terms of prevalence, triggers, prevention, and management.
Ascaris infection, a common soil-transmitted helminth, may exacerbate asthma and allergic reactions through its influence on immune responses, specifically group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2).
* The study involved comparing non-infected and Ascaris-infected individuals, analyzing ILC subsets, their activation markers, and the presence of specific antibodies.
* Results showed that ILC2 activation markers were significantly higher in Ascaris-infected individuals, particularly those sensitized to a specific Ascaris antigen, suggesting a link between helminth infection and enhanced immune responses.
Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Pathology Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari 70121, Italy. Electronic address:
The ability to distinguish between viable and post-mortem lesions is crucial in forensic medicine, especially in cases of advanced decomposition. Glycophorin A (GPA) is one of the most studied immunohistochemical markers for assessing lesion viability, with persistence in putrefied tissues up to 6 months. However, its sensitivity decreases beyond 15 days.
Introduction: Biomarkers that could reliably anticipate the effectiveness of antihistamines and omalizumab in treating chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) have not been conclusively identified. Our objective was to examine how eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), tryptase, D-dimer, and total Immunoglobulin E (IgE) impact the response to antihistamine and omalizumab treatments in individuals with CSU.
Methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, CSU patients that had undergone treatment with either antihistamines or omalizumab for a minimum of 12 weeks between 2015 and 2021 at an Allergy and Immunology Department were analyzed.
